Botanicals: the ingredients added either before or during distillation that gives gin its unique flavors; the most common (and required) botanical is juniper, but others can include coriander, citrus peels, orris and angelica root, cinnamon and its cousin cassia, cardamom, ginger, nutmeg, and ground almonds Coriander: a popular botanical used in making gin; adds notes of spice, sweetness, and citrus Fixatives: botanicals, such as grains of paradise, cubeb pepper, and angelica root, that structurally bind the flavors of the gin together and create a distinct character Genever: the original Dutch drink that led to the creation of gin; it is made with juniper, which “genever” translates to; made of malt grains, this gin has a darker, richer color as compared with other types of gin International Style: a style of gin, also known as “New American Style Gin,” that focuses on other botanicals instead of juniper; for example, the Hendrick’s gin that is flavored with cucumber and rose Juniper: this botanical must be used as the dominant flavor in order for a spirit to be marketed as “gin”; it gives gin its distinctive peppery and woodsy notes London Dry: refers to a style of gin that can be made anywhere; it is heavy on juniper, it’s made using the “one shot” method where all the botanicals are added to the gin during the distillation process, and it usually includes a bittering agent such as quinine Navy Strength: an overproof style of gin consisting of 57% alcohol; originally popular on naval ships where it would not damage gunpowder if it were spilled on it Old Tom: slightly sweeter than the average gin, this spirit uses sweeter botanicals and added sugar Plymouth Gin: a variety of gin, only produced in Plymouth, England, that is less dry than the London Gin variety. Offers earthy tones and a subtler juniper flavor Quinine: a bitter extraction from cinchona bark that was originally used as medicine to treat and prevent malaria, and was often mixed with gin to help it go down more easily; today, tonic is made with that same bittering agent, and gin and tonics are a popular mixed drink Sloe Gin: a liquer made from gin and sloe berries