Q&A for How to Determine Screening Constant and Effective Nuclear Charge

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How do I determine the effective nuclear charge for 2p in sodium?

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The effective nuclear charge for any subshell is the total positive charge of the nucleus minus the total negative charge of the previous subshells. Ffor example, the effective nuclear charge on the 2p orbital in sodium would be 7, because the total nuclear charge is 11, but the 4 electrons in the 1s and 2s orbitals screen 4 lead to an effective nuclear charge of 7.

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Is effective nuclear charge the same for all of the electrons present in an atom?

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No. The inner electrons have less shielding while the outer electrons have more shielding, and hence the effective nuclear charge differs from orbit to orbit. However, all electrons in the same orbit have the same effective nuclear charge.

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What is screening constant of the 4s electron of potassium?

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Atomic number = 19. Screening effect of 4s = 0×0.35+8×0.85+10×1 = 0+6.8+10= 16.8. As 4s electron has only 1 electron, so 0×0.35. Then 3s3p has 8 electrons, so 8×0.85. 1s 2s2p has 10 electrons, so 10×1. Now these three are added.

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What is the effective nuclear charge felt by an electron of sodium?

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You have to specify the orbital to the the Zeff of the electron in that orbital. The effective nuclear charge is different for electrons in different orbits and at different energy levels.

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What is the screening constant of a 1s electron?

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Screening constant is defined as the extent of shielding.In 1s,there is no other orbital that could shield,hence,for mono electronic species,z*=z. For example,H=1s(1), Z=1,z*=1

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Why does the actual nuclear charge of an element differ from the theoretical nuclear charge?

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Nuclear charge is the charge present inside a nucleus, due to the protons. For example, a carbon atom has nuclear charge. Ionic charge is the charge due to the gain or loss of electrons in the valence shell. So, the sodium ion has an ionic charge (due to loss of one valence electron).

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What is the screening effect of Fe in a 4S shell?

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Atomic Number = 26. Formula for S & P - electrons: Sigma = (n-1)*0.35 + (n')*0.85 + (n")*1. (2-1)*0.35 + 14*0.85 + 10*1 = 23.25. Zeff = 26-23.25 = 2.75.

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What is the screening effect of argon?

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The screening effect is 11.25. As the atomic number increases, the screening constant increases and screening effect decreases.

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