How to Build Strength Gradually

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When you're starting to exercise or do a new set of exercises for the first time, it's important to go about your workout plan safely. Building strength and endurance gradually over time is generally considered the safest and the best way to prevent injuries. Many fitness and exercise related injuries stem from advancing too quickly which results in the overuse of a certain muscle, joint or muscle group. [1] To prevent injury and have the best results long-term, build strength gradually over many weeks or months.

Part 1
Part 1 of 3:

Choosing the Right Exercises

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  1. When you're just starting out with exercise or you want to build your strength slowly, it's important to choose the appropriate weight. Too much or too little won't help you in the long-term.
    • The ideal weight is one that allows you to do one set of eight to 12 repetitions. Your muscle or muscle group should feel very fatigued at the end of the session. You're not using enough weight if you can easily do more than 12 repetitions at a time. [2]
    • You're using too much weight if you find yourself needing to swing your body to use momentum to complete the repetition.
    • If it's time to advance your weight level, do not advance by more than 5% at a time. [3] For example, if you're currently using 20 pound dumbbells for bicep curls, advance to 22 pounds.
  2. Upper body exercises will strengthen multiple muscle groups and joints. This generally includes: arm muscles (like biceps and triceps), shoulder and chest muscles(like deltoids and pectoralis muscles) and back muscles (like erector spinae, rhomboids, or trapezius). To build strength slowly start with one to two sets (eight to 12 reps each) of the following exercises:
    • Bicep curl machine.
    • Chest press.
    • Pec flye.
    • Lat pull down machine.
    • Tricep extension machine.
    • Shoulder press machine.
    • Reader Poll: We asked 505 wikiHow readers what type of exercise they enjoy the most during arm workouts, and 71% said weightlifting. [Take Poll]
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  3. Strengthening your lower back is key to supporting both your legs and your upper body. [4] There are a variety of exercises you can do to strengthen your lower back. Include movements that will exercise your major lower body muscle groups like your glutes, hamstrings, quadriceps and calf muscles. Do one to two sets (eight to 12 reps each) of the following exercises:
    • Leg press machine.
    • Leg extension machine.
    • Seated leg curl machine.
  4. The core is another group of muscles that's very important to strengthen. They will help stabilize your body as you progress in your exercise routine. This muscle group includes your abdominal muscles and obliques. Do one to two sets (eight to 12 reps each) of the following exercises:
    • Crunches.
    • Supermans.
    • Bicycle crunches.
  5. Many of these exercises work multiple muscle groups and can be done anywhere with little to no equipment. [5] Do one to two sets (eight to 12 reps each) of the following exercises:
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Part 2
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Preventing Beginner Injuries

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  1. Like many other aspects of safe workouts, it's also important to prep your body for your exercise routine. Warm-ups can help get your body ready to exercise and decrease your risk of injury. [6] Move your joints through their full range of motion (as long as this isn't painful), getting the blood to flow to the connective tissues and get the synovial joint fluids lubricating the joint.
    • A warm up is generally a slower intensity exercise of what you're planning on doing. A fast walk in preparation for a jog is a great warm-up.
    • These lower intensity exercises help increase your heart rate, bring more blood to your muscles and raise your body temperature. [7]
    • For strength training warm-ups, you might want to do some low intensity cardio and do some pushups or lifting with very light weights. [8]
  2. Step 2 Cool down after your workout.
    As with warming up, cooling your body down appropriately is also very important. It won't take long, but definitely include a few minutes of a post workout cool down.
    • Cool downs may help your body regulate blood flow and allow your heart rate and cardiovascular system to slowly return to normal. [9]
    • To cool down, continue your exercise at a lower intensity. Walk briskly on a treadmill for five to 10 minutes.
    • Make sure to stretch. Another part of your cool down routine can be light stretching. This may help improve range of motion and flexibility. [10]
  3. With any new exercise routine or when you're starting strength training for the first time, you might experience some soreness or pain. It's important to know what's a normal level of soreness and what warrants medical attention.
    • General achiness and soreness is normal; however if you feel sharp pain or the pain increases or doesn't subside for a few days, seek medical attention.
    • If you feel sore, you can ice the joint or muscle three to four times a day. Use an ice pack of a bag of frozen peas to ice the area. [11]
    • Use a compression sock, clothing or wrap to help control swelling and to provide support. Also keep the joint or muscle elevated if possible as this also helps reduce swelling. [12]
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Part 3
Part 3 of 3:

Planning for a New Exercise Plan

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  1. Wanting to build strength will require you to start or change a workout routine. Clarifying exactly what you want to strengthen and why can help you design a more concrete and specific exercise plan.
    • If you're a beginner and haven't exercised before or are looking to do strength training for the first time, setting up goals will be helpful for you.
    • Consider why you want to build strength. Do you just want to get in better shape overall? Do you want to have significant strength gains? Are you looking to build more lean muscle mass? Or are you just looking to tone and tighten up a bit?
    • Once you've decided what you want, write out your goals. Try to be specific and realistic with your goals so you're more likely to see them through. Make sure you are setting a time frame in which to accomplish your goal, as well as a way to measure your progress and know when you've successfully completed it. [13]
    • An example of a well-thought-out goal would be: "I want to build upper body strength over the next three months in order to tone my arms and gain some muscle mass. I want the circumference of my biceps to go down by 1/2 inch."
  2. Once you have your goals written out, you'll be able to write up a detailed exercise plan. This will help you stay on track with your goals. [14]
    • An exercise plan can be as detailed or as vague as you'd like it. You may want to include what types of exercises you'll be doing, how often you'll exercise, what days of the week and where you plan on exercising.
    • Free weights are a great way to begin. Start with a weight you can manage. This will help build all the stabilizing structures your body will need to progress eventually to heavier weight.
    • There is some disagreement as to whether or not machines or free weights are best for beginners. Machines may make it easier for you to perform the movements, but on the other hand, the inflexibility of the machines means they are good for some body types, but not others. Try out both and figure out what is best for you.
    • You may also want to consider writing in your workouts in a calendar or date book as you would other appointments. [15]
    • Include at least one to two recovery days each week in your exercise plan. Rest and recovery days are equally as important as the exercises that you do. Always rest between days of strength training and do not work the same muscle group two days in a row. [16] Your muscles require 24–72 hours to recover from a muscle building workout.
    EXPERT TIP

    Laila Ajani

    Fitness Trainer
    Laila Ajani is a Fitness Trainer and founder of Push Personal Fitness, a personal training organization based in the San Francisco Bay Area. With over 13 years as a trainer and exercise specialist, Laila has expertise in competitive athletics (gymnastics, powerlifting, and tennis), personal training, distance running, and Olympic lifting. Laila is certified by the National Strength & Conditioning Association (NSCA), and USA Powerlifting (USAPL), and she is a Corrective Exercise Specialist (CES).
    Laila Ajani
    Fitness Trainer

    Creating a workout schedule in your calendar is an effective way to stay on track with your fitness goals. Nowadays, most people use some form of calendar, whether it's electronic like Google Calendar or a paper-based one. By planning workouts out on your calendar, you can ensure that you don't forget them and stick to your schedule.

  3. If you haven't really done strength training before or it's been awhile, make sure to review proper form for the exercises you plan to do. Here are some basics to keep in mind:
    • Do each repetition or movement slowly. Rapidly going through movements doesn't provide you any benefits - only increases your chance for injury. [17]
    • Do not swing your body and use momentum to get you through a repetition. This may be a sign the weight level is too heavy which can increase your chance of injury. [18]
    • Rest between sets and muscle groups for about 60–90 seconds. Do not cut that short or extend it much longer.
  4. Eating right and drinking the amount of fluids is important for any type of exercise. This will help fuel you up and help you recover from exercise.
    • Drink at least 64 oz of clear fluids daily; however, with exercise you may need to drink up to 13 glasses. [19] Try water, flavored water and decaf coffee and tea. If you are also doing a lot of cardio you may want to consider an electrolyte sports drink or water for better hydration.
    • Have a small meal or snack prior to your workout. Simple carbohydrates are easily digested and can provide your body with the immediate fuel to power through your workout. Try a small piece of fruit, an individual yogurt or a small bowl of oatmeal.
    • Refuel and recover from your workout with some protein and carbohydrate. The protein helps your body repair the muscles used during your exercises. Try: Greek yogurt with fruit, a protein shake, a glass of chocolate milk or 2 oz of trail mix.
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How Do You Increase The Weight You Lift?


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How long does it take to naturally build muscle​
WikiLionRider304
23
WikiLionRider304
Howdy. I’m a 22-year-old guy who is…let’s say…getting closer to a dad bod than he’d like. I started working out with a buddy recently.... Read More
Monica Morris
ACE Certified Personal Trainer
You’re going to see some results after the first workout! You'll get what's known as a “pump.” You'll have more circulation and blood flow,... Read More
WikiZebraGlider531
WikiZebraGlider531
I think I might've started to see changes in my body around 4-6 weeks of being consistent at the gym, but I didn't really see my muscle definitio... Read More
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  • Question
    How many days a week should I workout to build muscle?
    Pete Cerqua
    Certified Personal Trainer & Nutritionist
    Pete Cerqua is a Certified Personal Trainer and Nutritionist. Pete is also a five-time best-selling author of books including "The 90-Second Fitness Solution" and "High Intensity Fitness Revolution for Women/Men" published by Simon and Schuster and Skyhorse Publishing. Pete has over 20 years of personal training and nutrition coaching experience and operates the 90-Second Fitness flagship studio in New York City.
    Pete Cerqua
    Certified Personal Trainer & Nutritionist
    Expert Answer
    Everyone's different, but try starting with 2-3 days a week and see how you feel. You want to challenge yourself, but not work so hard that you burn yourself out.
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  • Question
    How many days a week should you exercise?
    Michele Dolan
    Certified Fitness Trainer
    Michele Dolan is a Fitness Trainer based in Sidney, British Columbia. She has been a personal trainer and fitness instructor since 2002, and was certified as a Personal Trainer by the British Columbia Recreation and Parks Association (BCRPA). Michele is also a Registered Clinical Counselor, and uses her 20+ years of fitness coaching experience to help clients understand their mind-body connection. She is a Registered Clinical Counsellor (RCC) and Certified Clinical Counsellor (CCC), certified by the British Columbia Association of Clinical Counsellors and the Canadian Counselling and Psychotherapy Association. In her work, Michele uses the tools of Cognitive Behavioral Therapy, Dialectic Behavior Therapy and Cognitive Processing Therapy for Post Traumatic Stress Syndrome. She practices and teaches mindfulness and acceptance in all of her coaching work. She holds a Master’s Degree in Counselling Psychology.
    Michele Dolan
    Certified Fitness Trainer
    Expert Answer
    Exercise 5-6 days a week, and include lifting, pushing, and pulling exercises to build overall strength.
    Thanks! We're glad this was helpful.
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  • Question
    What is a good strength training workout?
    Michele Dolan
    Certified Fitness Trainer
    Michele Dolan is a Fitness Trainer based in Sidney, British Columbia. She has been a personal trainer and fitness instructor since 2002, and was certified as a Personal Trainer by the British Columbia Recreation and Parks Association (BCRPA). Michele is also a Registered Clinical Counselor, and uses her 20+ years of fitness coaching experience to help clients understand their mind-body connection. She is a Registered Clinical Counsellor (RCC) and Certified Clinical Counsellor (CCC), certified by the British Columbia Association of Clinical Counsellors and the Canadian Counselling and Psychotherapy Association. In her work, Michele uses the tools of Cognitive Behavioral Therapy, Dialectic Behavior Therapy and Cognitive Processing Therapy for Post Traumatic Stress Syndrome. She practices and teaches mindfulness and acceptance in all of her coaching work. She holds a Master’s Degree in Counselling Psychology.
    Michele Dolan
    Certified Fitness Trainer
    Expert Answer
    Since we are all different, there is no generic good program. It's a good idea to get the advice of a personal trainer to get you started on a good strength training workout for you.
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      Tips

      • If you have a current injury or are recovering from a past injury, seek advice on what exercises are appropriate for you to perform.
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      • Always talk to your doctor before starting any new fitness or strength training exercise routine.
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      • If you feel any pain or discomfort while exercising, stop immediately and seek medical attention.
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      References

      1. ↑ http://www.uhs.berkeley.edu/home/healthtopics/PDF%20Handouts/KneeSprainsStrains.pdf
      2. ↑ Pete Cerqua. Certified Personal Trainer & Nutritionist. Expert Interview. [14 May 2020].
      3. ↑ http://www.bodybuilding.com/fun/beginner_weight_training.htm
      4. ↑ Pete Cerqua. Certified Personal Trainer & Nutritionist. Expert Interview. [14 May 2020].
      5. ↑ http://www.mayoclinic.org/healthy-lifestyle/fitness/multimedia/core-strength/sls-20076575
      6. ↑ http://www.mayoclinic.org/healthy-lifestyle/fitness/in-depth/exercise/art-20045517
      7. ↑ http://www.mayoclinic.org/healthy-lifestyle/fitness/in-depth/exercise/art-20045517
      8. ↑ Pete Cerqua. Certified Personal Trainer & Nutritionist. Expert Interview. [14 May 2020].
      9. ↑ http://www.mayoclinic.org/healthy-lifestyle/fitness/in-depth/exercise/art-20045517?pg=1
      1. ↑ http://www.mayoclinic.org/healthy-lifestyle/fitness/in-depth/exercise/art-20045517?pg=2
      2. ↑ http://www.uhs.berkeley.edu/home/healthtopics/PDF%20Handouts/KneeSprainsStrains.pdf
      3. ↑ http://www.uhs.berkeley.edu/home/healthtopics/PDF%20Handouts/KneeSprainsStrains.pdf
      4. ↑ http://www.active.com/fitness/articles/how-to-set-s-m-a-r-t-goals
      5. ↑ https://www.healthday.com/fitness-information-14/misc-health-news-265/can-t-find-time-to-exercise-schedule-it-experts-say-651115.html
      6. ↑ https://www.healthday.com/fitness-information-14/misc-health-news-265/can-t-find-time-to-exercise-schedule-it-experts-say-651115.html
      7. ↑ http://www.bodybuilding.com/fun/behar2.htm
      8. ↑ http://www.bodybuilding.com/fun/beginner_weight_training.htm
      9. ↑ http://www.bodybuilding.com/fun/beginner_weight_training.htm
      10. ↑ http://www.mayoclinic.org/healthy-lifestyle/nutrition-and-healthy-eating/in-depth/water/art-20044256

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