How to Check Your Sperm Count

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Many couples struggle to conceive a child. Since many issues can cause difficulty in conceiving, both partners should be evaluated for fertility issues. If you're having trouble conceiving, you may want to test your sperm count. You can use at-home tests to measure the number of sperm in the fluid ejaculated during an orgasm. However, you will get a more accurate evaluation if you see your doctor.

Method 1
Method 1 of 3:

At-Home Tests

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    At-home sperm tests have been found to be accurate around 95% of the time. Masturbate into the cup the kit provides for you and complete the test as indicated in the instructions. Read the instructions carefully beforehand so you know what to do and what not to do. [1]
    • Generally, you will collect your sample in a cup, transfer the sample to the testing kit after a specific amount of time, and read the results. You may also have to add another solution to the sample, but this depends on the test.
    • Some mail-in tests have you supply a sperm sample at home and send it in for professional analysis. [2] Others connect to a mobile app and use video for analysis. [3]
    • Tests like these are available at many drug stores and pharmacies.
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    Results are typically available in about 10 minutes, though this varies by test. A normal sperm concentration is considered to be above 15 million per milliliter. [4] If your results are lower than that, consult your doctor for a complete infertility workup. [5]
    • Some tests simply tell you whether your count is normal or low. Others may be more exact. This varies by test, so read the instructions carefully.
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    At-home tests do not measure other factors that affect fertility. If you are having trouble conceiving, consider seeing a fertility specialist even if your at-home test shows normal results. At-home tests do not check: [6]
    • How much semen you ejaculate at one time (semen volume)
    • The percent of your sperm that are alive (vitality)
    • How well your sperm move (motility)
    • The shape of your sperm ( morphology )
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Method 2
Method 2 of 3:

Clinical Tests

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    Tell your doctor you are worried about your fertility and get an examination. They will ask you about your medical and family history and perform a physical exam. They will examine your genitals and may ask you about your sexual history and sexual development. [7]
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    Semen analysis looks at a sample of your semen under a microscope. A lab technician, doctor, or computer counts how many sperm appear in the squares of a grid pattern. This is the most common sperm count test, so ask your doctor to schedule an appointment with a fertility specialist for you. [8]
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    Semen analysis tests are usually repeated at least twice over a period of time. This is because sperm count varies somewhat and your doctor will need an accurate representation of your sperm count over time. [9]
    • A second sample is usually collected one to two weeks after the first.
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Method 3
Method 3 of 3:

Collecting Samples

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    When it comes time to do your sperm test, your doctor will give you a special cup or container. Masturbate and catch your ejaculate in the container. Make sure to put the lid on to avoid spills. [10]
    • If possible, do this in the clinic. If you need to, you may be able to take the container home with you. Ask your doctor to give you specific instructions about storing the container and when to bring it back to the office.
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    Some clinics may be able to provide you with a special, non-lubricated condom to wear during intercourse. This condom collects your semen for examination. Some men find it easier to ejaculate this way and it may help you if you feel nervous at the doctor’s office. These may not always be available, however—ask your doctor about your options. [11]
  3. 3
    Avoid common pitfalls. Collecting a sperm sample can go wrong in a number of ways. Ask your doctor for specific details about how to collect an accurate sample. Follow these guidelines to the best of your ability: [12]
    • Shower and wash your hands before taking your sample.
    • Do not use lubricant, which can interfere with how your sperm move. Additionally, some lubricants contain spermicide that can ruin your sample.
    • Do not ejaculate for at least two days before you collect your sample. On the other hand, abstain for no more than 10 days before you collect your sample.
    • Avoid smoking, drinking alcohol, and using drugs for 5 days prior to taking your sample.
    • Make sure all of your ejaculate goes into the container. If you miss, wait a day and try again.
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      Tips

      • If you alter your lifestyle to improve your sperm count , you’ll see results in about three months. It takes about 74 days for sperm to mature. [13]
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      • There are other tests you can do if a sperm count does not show why you have low fertility. Ask your doctor about hormone testing, urinalysis, biopsy, antibody tests, or ultrasounds.
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      References

      1. ↑ https://medlineplus.gov/lab-tests/semen-analysis/
      2. ↑ https://medicine.yale.edu/lab/urology-mens-health-blog/2023/at-home-sperm-testing/
      3. ↑ https://health.clevelandclinic.org/at-home-sperm-tests-can-be-useful-but-they-dont-replace-a-fertility-doctor/
      4. ↑ https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/22477-oligospermia-low-sperm-count
      5. ↑ https://medlineplus.gov/lab-tests/semen-analysis/
      6. ↑ https://medlineplus.gov/lab-tests/semen-analysis/
      7. ↑ https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/22477-oligospermia-low-sperm-count
      8. ↑ https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/low-sperm-count/diagnosis-treatment/drc-20374591
      9. ↑ https://medlineplus.gov/lab-tests/semen-analysis/
      1. ↑ https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diagnostics/21520-semen-analysis
      2. ↑ https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diagnostics/21520-semen-analysis
      3. ↑ https://www.mountsinai.org/health-library/tests/semen-analysis
      4. ↑ https://corporate.dukehealth.org/news/smoking-abstinence-could-lower-effects-cannabis-sperm

      About This Article

      Article Summary X

      To check your sperm count, you can use an at-home testing kit, which are available at most drugstores and pharmacies. However, know that at-home tests don’t measure all fertility factors like the percent of your sperm that are alive and how well they move. For more thorough results, you can get medically tested to check your sperm count. Just visit a doctor and explain you're worried about your fertility and you would like to have your sperm tested. Your doctor will provide you with specific details on how to collect an accurate sample, like avoiding smoking, drinking, and drugs for 10 days prior to the test. To learn common pitfalls that you should avoid when collecting a sperm sample, read below!

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