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A guide to how sesame seeds grow, and how they’re farmed and harvested
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Sesame seeds make a delicious addition to tons of foods. But have you ever wondered what they grow into? As it turns out, sesame seeds are planted and harvested all over the world. This guide will answer all your questions about sesame seeds, including where they come from, what they’re used for, and how they’re grown in farms and home gardens around the world. Keep reading to learn how this tiny grain can sprout into something more.
Things You Should Know
- Sesame seeds grow into sesame plants. The plants produce fruit pods that contain sesame seeds.
- Sesame plants are farmed and cultivated for their seeds. They’re often farmed in dry climates in Asia and Africa.
- Sesame seeds are used in many foods, especially baked goods. They can also be pressed to make sesame oil.
- To grow sesame at home, plant the seeds in moist soil until they sprout. Then transplant them to a sunny spot with dry soil, watering them weekly for 3-4 months.
Steps
Section 2 of 3:
How are sesame seeds produced?
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Sesame plants are farmed and cultivated for their seeds. The seeds are planted about 6 inches (15 cm) apart in fertile, well-drained soil. The plants begin growing, with flowers usually appearing after 38-45 days. Once the flowers are pollinated by honeybees and other insects, the fruit pods begin to grow. The plants mature after a total 90-110 days. [3] X Research source
- Once the sesame plants are mature, farmers wait another 20-40 days for the plants to dry out. The fruit pods usually begin to open on their own during this time, releasing the seeds.
- Sesame plants thrive in dry climates where average temperatures range from the 86-92°F (30-33°C). This is why they are commonly grown in places like Tanzania, India, and certain regions in China. [4] X Research source
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Sesame seeds are extracted from sesame fruit pods using machines. The seeds are cleaned and hulled, which removes their outer coatings. Then the seeds are automatically sorted by size and color. [5] X Research source
- Traditionally, sesame seeds were extracted by hand since the fruit pods are prone to “shattering”—that is, breaking open and spilling the seeds everywhere, resulting in lost seeds. However, newer “shatter-proof” strains have been created that are much easier to work with. [6] X Research source
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After extraction, sesame seeds are sorted for use in different products. Some of the light-colored seeds are sold directly to consumers since these are the most aesthetically appealing. Most of the remaining seeds are sold to food companies that produced baked goods. The leftovers, consisting of immature or off-sized seeds, are pressed to make sesame seed oil. [7] X Research source
- In the U.S., sesame oil is also used in pharmaceutical and cosmetic products.
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Section 3 of 3:
How to Grow Sesame Yourself
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Plant raw sesame seeds in an indoor pot . You can get your sesame seeds from a gardening store, or from any supermarket—just make sure to buy raw, untoasted seeds. Place them in moist, light soil and keep the temperature at 70°F (21°C). Once the seeds sprout, transplant them into an outdoor garden with full sunlight. Place the plants about 6 inches (15 cm) apart. [8] X Research source
- When you first plant your seeds, keep the soil moist but not wet.
- Start growing your seeds in the spring after the last frost has passed. Your seeds won’t grow if the weather is too cold.
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Water your sesame plants once per week. Make sure your plants are in full sunlight, and don’t let the soil get too saturated. Sesame plants do best in dry conditions. After 3-4 months, flowers and sesame fruit pods will begin to appear. [9] X Research source
- Use caution when touching or observing the fruit pods since they’re very fragile. As they ripen, they’ll begin to split open and release the seeds. [10] X Research source
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At the end of summer, pluck the fruit pods off your sesame plants. Collect the fruit pods in a basket, then spread them onto a flat surface to dry for 2-3 days. Once they’re dry, crack open the pods and scrape the seeds onto a flat surface. Leave the seeds to dry for another 2-3 days. Store your dry seeds in a sealed glass jar at room temperature. [11] X Research source
- Dry sesame seeds last for 3-4 years. While they don’t spoil, they do lose their flavor over time. [12] X Research source
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Use your sesame seeds for baking and cooking. Toast your seeds in an oven or skillet, then use them in stir-fry dishes. Use a mortar and pestle to grind your toasted seeds into powder, then mix the powder into hummus. [13] X Research source Or sprinkle your seeds onto cookies to give them a crunchy texture and nuttier taste. [14] X Research source
- There are countless recipes from around the world containing sesame seeds. Find some recipes online, or create your own .
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References
- ↑ https://hort.purdue.edu/newcrop/ncnu07/pdfs/langham144-182.pdf
- ↑ https://extension.okstate.edu/fact-sheets/sesame-seed-oil-properties.html
- ↑ https://sanangelo.tamu.edu/extension/agronomy/agronomy-publications/sesame-production-guide/
- ↑ https://www.worldatlas.com/articles/world-leaders-in-sesame-production.html
- ↑ https://www.worldatlas.com/articles/world-leaders-in-sesame-production.html
- ↑ https://sanangelo.tamu.edu/extension/agronomy/agronomy-publications/sesame-production-guide/
- ↑ > https://www.worldatlas.com/articles/world-leaders-in-sesame-production.html
- ↑ https://www.gardeningknowhow.com/edible/herbs/sesame-plant/sesame-seed-propagation.htm
- ↑ https://www.gardeningknowhow.com/edible/herbs/sesame-plant/sesame-seed-propagation.htm
- ↑ https://gardeningsolutions.ifas.ufl.edu/plants/edibles/vegetables/sesame.html
- ↑ https://www.gardeningknowhow.com/edible/herbs/sesame-plant/how-to-dry-sesame-seeds.htm
- ↑ https://stilltasty.com/Fooditems/index/18301
- ↑ https://health.oregonstate.edu/moore-center/recipes/homemade-hummus
- ↑ https://www.bu.edu/scnc/2018/11/01/test-kitchen-tahini-cookies/
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