How to Throw a Softball

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Method 1
Method 1 of 3:

Overhand Throws

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  1. Fast and accurate throwing is essential for every softball player, but the exact motions of a good throw may seem foreign to someone just starting to learn the game. Good throwers throw with a lot of backspin, which helps the ball fly farther, use their whole body instead of just their arm to get power, and align their legs and shoulders with the target for accuracy.
    • Make sure you throw with your dominant hand. This is whatever hand feels the most comfortable.
    • Always practice with a glove in your opposite hand -- this is how you will have to throw in a game.
  2. Turn the ball so that the laces form a "C," then place your four fingers along the top lace. Your thumb should comfortably rest on another lace along the side of the softball.
    • The laces provide a surface to grip onto, and you will "pull" on the laces as you throw to give the ball backspin (the top of the ball spins back towards the bottom), which helps the throw's speed and stability.
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  3. Your back foot is the foot on the same side as your throwing arm. You want the instep, or inside, of your foot to face your target so that your toes point diagonally to the right (right-handed throwers) or left (left-handed throwers) of your target.
    • To be precise, point your toes roughly 45 degrees away from the spot you throw towards.
  4. You should be able to draw a straight line from your back instep through your front foot and to your target. In other words, you will be perpendicular to your target.
    • You should point your front toes however you feel comfortable. Usually this is sideways.
  5. This insures accuracy, but it also opens up your shoulders to allow a more natural throwing motion.
    • As you get more experienced, you may begin pointing your glove elbow, not the glove, towards your target. This makes your throwing motion more compact and efficient.
  6. Your arm should form an "L" shape with the ball held high. Dropping the elbow is the most common mistake many young softball players make when throwing, so pay close attention to your arm position.
  7. With your arm high in the air behind you, point your palm and the ball up and behind you. This will allow you to snap your wrist with more power later in the throw.
  8. This is your throwing motion, and you will feel your arm extending as you "whip" past your head. Remember to keep your elbow near shoulder-height as you begin your throw. The ball will be at the highest point of your arm.
    • Try to keep your elbow loose and relaxed -- don't try to keep the "L" shape as you throw.
    • You can throw the ball with more power when you extend your arm all the way behind you. [1]
  9. As the ball passes you head, throw the ball by simultaneously letting go of the ball and "pulling" the laces of the ball down to create backspin.
    • You can test your backspin by placing black electrical tape perpendicular to the laces of the ball. If you release the ball properly, you should see a solid black "line" of the tape as the ball spins.
    • Try to throw the ball the ball with a vertical rotation. This keeps your throws are straight, which makes them easier for your teammates to catch. [2]
    • Balls with a diagonal rotation are a lot harder to catch. [3]
  10. Though not necessary when you are first learning, practice pulling your glove back towards your chest as you begin your throw -- it gives you more room for a powerful follow-through. Bend your arm towards your chest at the elbow, then pull your elbow back towards your ribs.
  11. Once the ball is released, let your arm keep swinging down and across your body, ending with your hand near your opposite thigh. Your fingers and wrist should be down from spinning the ball.
  12. As you throw, you will feel your body weight shifting to your front foot. Don't resist it, and feel free to pick you your back foot to keep your balance as you lean forward after the throw.
  13. If you decide to try everything at once, every time, you are bound to pick up bad habits. Instead, break the throw down into smaller parts and practice these before bringing it all together:
    • Grip: Toss the ball up and catch it in your glove. As soon as you catch it, grab the ball and turn it in your hands to quickly place all four fingers on the laces. Repeat.
    • Feet: Pick 3-4 different targets in the distance. Toss the ball up to yourself. As soon as you catch it, grab the ball, turn, and set you feet up towards one of the targets, cocking your arm back like you are about to throw. Stop here and note your foot position -- are you in a straight line towards your chosen target?
    • Wrist Flick: Hold your arm in front of your body with the ball high and your elbow at shoulder height. Practice throwing the ball with just your upper arm, snapping down from the elbow and pulling back the laces with your fingers and wrist. Your goal is to practice good, consistent backspin.
  14. You should work on throwing with a good, fluid arc. Your final throwing motion should be consistent, smooth, and comfortable.
    • Grip the ball along the laces.
    • As you bring the ball out of your glove, align your feet with the target.
    • Cock you arm backwards at a 90 degree angle while pointing your glove at the target.
    • Rapidly swing the ball past your head and release.
    • Snap your fingers and wrist down and towards your target.
    • Follow through by bringing your weight and arm forward and down.
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Method 2
Method 2 of 3:

Underhand Pitches

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  1. Hold the ball in your glove near your chest.
  2. Turn the ball so that the laces form a "C," then place your four fingers along the top lace. Your thumb should comfortably rest along the side of the softball.
    • In order to properly grip the laces, use the tips of your fingers to hold the ball so that there is a little bit of space between the ball and your fingers.
  3. This is the foot opposite your throwing arm, and you want it placed directly towards your catcher. Most often, where you place your feet will indicate where you throw the ball, so work on making a "power line" that extends from your back foot, through your front foot, and straight to the catcher.
    • Your feet should be pointing anywhere between 90 and 45 degrees to the side, away from the batter.
  4. The ball and the glove arms will be separate, but both should be extended and pointing at the catcher.
  5. Keeping your arm straight, bring your throwing arm up so that the ball is towards the sky.
  6. Your arm should be relaxed and slightly bent at the elbow the entire time. Think of your arm as the hand of a clock and your shoulder is the center of it.
    • This is called the "arm whip," because your arm should be loose and relaxed, letting momentum carry your arm quickly through it's arc and towards your waist. [4]
  7. As you arm swings backwards, start dripping your glove back to your side. When you time both arms correctly you open up your shoulders so they face towards your target, allowing better accuracy.
  8. Practice to find the exact location that works for you -- release too early and the ball will hit the dirt, too late and it will go too high.
  9. Your palm is facing upward and your fingers will rapidly snap back into your hand as you let go of the ball. Think of the motion you make when trying to hide something in your palm. Your fingers come back as if someone was trying to take a quarter out of your hand. [5]
  10. After you release the ball, you want to end with your arm up and pointing directly at your target.
  11. There are a lot of things that can "go wrong" while pitching, but the most common ones involve balance and improper posture. Some things to look out for include:
    • Keeping the ball over your toes. You want your arm's entire arc to stay perpendicular to your body, so avoid letting your hand stray out and away from your torso. If the ball is over your toes the entire time you will keep the ball straight and throw more strikes.
    • Forgetting your fingers. The snap at the end of the throw is crucial to keeping the ball stable at high speeds, so if your pitches are wild or wobble in the air, focus on following through properly.
    • Landing your front foot. As you start throwing, don't forget that proper foot placement is key to accuracy. Make sure that every time you step forward you are landing towards the target.
  12. Do not try to start throwing pitches right out of the gate. Practice every part slowly and separately to get good habits. For example, make your step forward and bring your arm up, then stop and check your position -- are you in line with the catcher? Next, bring your arm around and snap your fingers -- did you get good backspin? You are not looking for good pitches yet, just good consistent motions.
    • You can test your backspin by placing black electrical tape perpendicular to the laces of the ball. You should see a solid black "line" of the tape as the ball spins.
  13. The best pitchers put all of these parts together quickly and smoothly, without pauses or jerky, awkward motions.
    • Push off of your back foot.
    • Plant your front foot towards the catcher.
    • Begin rotating your extended arm clockwise over your head.
    • Drop your glove arm as you arm passes your head
    • Release the ball by your waist.
    • Snap your fingers back into your palm as the ball exits your hand.
    • Follow through to your chest.
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Method 3
Method 3 of 3:

Other Pitching Techniques

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  1. The change-up is a slower pitch that throws batters off-guard when expecting another fast-ball. Hold the ball completely in your palm, letting your each finger rest on the laces, and skip the finger snap when following through, instead leaving your hand open.
    • This is often the first special pitch you should learn after the fastball.
  2. The aim of the pitch is to make the ball sink on the batter. Grip the ball with your fingers aligned with the laces, instead of across them like you would on a fastball. Keeping your elbow a little more rigid than normal, flick your wrist and follow through like as if you were throwing a basic pitch.
  3. You need the same grip as a drop pitch -- fingers aligned with the laces, not across. Curveballs move down and sideways, making them tricky for a batter to track and hit. Your throwing motion is nearly the exact same as a fastball, but you twist your wrist (counter-clockwise for righties, clockwise for lefties) as you release the ball. This causes the ball to spin sideways as it travels.
  4. The hardest pitch to throw, this ball will come up towards the batter, making it incredibly hard to hit. The goal is a pitch that has top-spin so that the bottom of the ball rotates towards the top. To throw it:
    • Put your middle and ring finger in between the laces, at the point where they start to come towards each other.
    • Dig the tip of your index finger into the side of the ball.
    • Begin your normal fastball motion, but keep your palm facing down as you come around behind your back.
    • As you release, quickly turn your hand so that your palm faces up, as if you were turning a doorknob.
    • Release the ball early so that it has time to rise.
    • Remember that this is the hardest pitch to throw, and may take upwards of a year to perfect.
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Expert Q&A

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  • Question
    How do I improve my throw in softball?
    Haley Snyder
    Softball Player
    Haley Snyder is a former Division I Student-Athlete and Softball Player. With over a decade of experience, she specializes in softball mechanics, fundamentals, and pitching. Haley holds a BA and MA from Stanford University, where she competed in the PAC-12 Conference as a pitcher.
    Haley Snyder
    Softball Player
    Expert Answer
    Practice throwing the ball from different locations and different slots. For instance, as infielder you would practice making very short throws.
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  • Question
    How do you throw accurately in softball?
    Haley Snyder
    Softball Player
    Haley Snyder is a former Division I Student-Athlete and Softball Player. With over a decade of experience, she specializes in softball mechanics, fundamentals, and pitching. Haley holds a BA and MA from Stanford University, where she competed in the PAC-12 Conference as a pitcher.
    Haley Snyder
    Softball Player
    Expert Answer
    Get a 12 to 6 rotation on your throw to make sure it stays straight. It's a lot harder for players to catch balls thrown with a diagonal curve.
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  • Question
    How do you correct a throwing motion in softball?
    Haley Snyder
    Softball Player
    Haley Snyder is a former Division I Student-Athlete and Softball Player. With over a decade of experience, she specializes in softball mechanics, fundamentals, and pitching. Haley holds a BA and MA from Stanford University, where she competed in the PAC-12 Conference as a pitcher.
    Haley Snyder
    Softball Player
    Expert Answer
    For infielders, never pull the ball further back than your throwing shoulder. Outfielders should extend their arm all the way back before a throw.
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      Tips

      • It is easier to watch someone do it and try to imitate them, than to follow written instructions.
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      • Keep your arm over your shoulder when you're throwing the ball.
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      • Keep your elbow elevated; "dropping your elbow" is the most common mistake throwers make and it can damage your shoulder over time.
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      Warnings

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      Things You'll Need

      • Softball
      • Softball glove

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      References

      1. ↑ Haley Snyder. Softball Player. Expert Interview. 23 June 2021.
      2. ↑ Haley Snyder. Softball Player. Expert Interview. 23 June 2021.
      3. ↑ Haley Snyder. Softball Player. Expert Interview. 23 June 2021.
      4. ↑ https://www.stack.com/2014/04/28/fastpitch-softball-pitching-tips/
      5. ↑ https://m.youtube.com/watch?v=yhDvuDBGZSU

      About This Article

      Article Summary X

      To throw a softball overhand, start by gripping the ball in your dominant hand with 4 fingers on the seam. Then, point the toes on your back foot so the inside of the foot is facing your target. Next, step towards the target with your front foot and swing your arm swiftly up and over your shoulder. When your arm passes your head, release the ball and follow through by bringing your arm to your chest. For tips on how to throw an underhand pitch, keep reading!

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