How to Outsmart, Avoid, and Protect Yourself from Romance Scams

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Shut down romantic scam artists with this complete guide
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Romance scammers create fake profiles on popular social media platforms or dating apps and strike up a relationship with a potential victim to build up trust. Their goal is to win the trust of the unsuspecting victim and make up a story to swindle money from them. One way you can outsmart a romance scammer is to ask them tons of questions about their life and research their name, job, and profile online to see if you can catch them in the act. Keep reading to learn more.

Things You Should Know

  • Ask the scammer to send you a picture of themselves performing a specific action, like tugging their ear or holding up today’s newspaper or a spoon.
  • Copy and paste a romance scammer’s bio and profile pictures into a search engine to see if they stole them from another user.
  • Report the romance scammer to your country’s authorities, like the U.S. Federal Bureau of Investigation and Federal Trade Commission .
Section 1 of 4:

Outsmarting a Romance Scammer

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    Romance scammers often use photos that have been stolen from other places on the internet. [1] Ask them to take a selfie while performing a specific action like tugging their ear or holding an object like a newspaper or spoon. [2] Instead of DMing you a picture, a scammer might make up excuses to explain why that isn’t possible.
    • Asking them to take a specific photo works because these images will be hard to fake, especially if they’re using someone else’s images.
    • A legitimate love interest will understand if you ask for proof that they’re a real person. [3]
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    A scammer will try to avoid meeting you in person at all costs. [4] They might say they’re living or traveling outside the country, working in an oil rig or the military, or working with an international organization. [5] They might even set a date, but cancel after they have a tragic inconvenience happen on the same day.
    • In reality, the scammer has no intention of meeting up. All they’re trying to do is string you along and get your money or information. [6]
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    Ask the scammer about their childhood, their siblings, their parents, their hobbies, and their job. Try to take the relationship slowly, ask specific questions , and watch for information that doesn’t add up. [7]
    • A scammer might say that they grew up in Miami, Florida, but the elementary school they went to is in San Diego, California.
    • You might catch a scammer if they say they work as a lawyer, but in another conversation, they say they’re a doctor.
    • Sometimes multiple people might work on the same dating scam, so they might not always communicate in the same way—watch to see if the way they text changes.
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    A romance scammer will often refuse to video call you because it could reveal their true identity. The scammer might say their camera is broken, they have a bad internet connection, they don’t have time, or they’re too shy. These excuses can be a big clue that this person might not be who they say they are. [8]
    • If the scammer is not willing to have a video chat, meet in person, or have a legitimate phone call, it can be a huge red flag that they aren’t interested in a relationship. [9]
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    Another way to expose a romance scammer is to see if there have been similar schemes. If the person says they work on an oil rig, search for “oil rig scammer.” Other people may have posted similar stories on websites created to expose common internet scams. [10]
    • If a person claims to be highly successful, but you can’t find anything about their professional life on the internet, they’re probably fake. [11]
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    People who are really looking for love will use their own pictures, information, and career on a dating or social media site. Scammers might copy and paste their info from other profiles because they’re trying to throw something together quickly. [12]
    • Reverse image search the person’s profile picture by copying their photos and pasting them into https://images.google.com/ . If the photo shows up somewhere else with a different name attached to it, the scammer may have stolen it. [13]
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    A scammer might avoid giving you their phone number and give you a number for a texting app, like WhatsApp or Google Voice, instead. [14] Search their number online to see if it appears anywhere else.
    • Free websites like Spy Dialer or WhoCallsMe allow you to enter a phone number and check where the area code is from or who the number is registered to. [15]
    • Some scammers might even give you an artificial number and hire an actor to talk to you on the phone. [16] In this case, a reverse number search may not work.
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    Scammers often follow a well-rehearsed script that has worked on other victims. [17] To see if the person follows a well-known scamming script, copy and paste one of their texts into a search engine like Google and see if other messages they have used come up.
    • Even if their exact messages don’t pop up, you might notice that their early texts follow the pattern of other romance scams.
    • Often, the scammer reaches out on a dating site or social media. They’re affectionate and attractive, and claim that they’re from a different country, which explains their typos and accent. [18]
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    People who are really looking for love online don’t usually ask the person they’re dating for money. A scammer, however, might ask you to support them financially or send them money to help them out in an emergency. [19] If you refuse to help them, they might become angry or try to pressure you into giving them what they want.
    • A scammer might also ask you to send money in the form of gift cards or ask for your bank information.
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    Scammers often believe that they’re smarter than you and that they’ll win you over with their promises of love and affection. So, the best way to mess with a romance scammer is to turn them in right away so they don’t scam anyone else. Report any scammers to: [20]
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Section 2 of 4:

Common Romance Scams

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    Scams might vary case-by-case, but often a scammer will rush into a relationship, talk about marriage, and talk about a beautiful future together. However, they’ll never meet you in person or talk on the phone or by video. [21]
    • Romance scammers set up a fake profile on a dating or social media platform and either use it to contact potential targets or wait to be contacted by other users.
    • Scammers might suggest moving the relationship to a more private channel like email, an app like WhatsApp, or over text, and forge an emotional relationship with you. [22]
    • To build your trust, the scammer will usually have an elaborate life story that they slowly share, which might include a successful career, past failed relationships, hobbies, and interests.
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    Romance scammers adjust their stories to what they think will work in each situation, but usually, they come up with a tragic emergency to get you to send them money immediately. Here are some of the most common romance schemes: [23]
    • A scammer might claim that they or someone close to them is sick, hurt, or in jail, and say that they need money to cover the costs. [24]
    • They might claim to be a successful cryptocurrency investor who can teach you how to become one, but any money you give them goes straight into their wallet. [25]
    • They might say they want to fly to meet you, but because they don’t have the money for a plane ticket, they might ask you to buy it for them.
    • They might ask you to accept items on their behalf, like computers, smartphones, or money, which are usually stolen goods that make the victim a participant in a money laundering crime.
    • They might ask you to send them money through cryptocurrency, a bank wire transfer, a payment app or service, or gift cards. [26]
    • Scammers might make the target believe that they need to get married to you to get an inheritance and ask you to help pay for their airfare.
    • They might say they’ve shipped you a valuable package that requires you to send money for customs or some other made-up fee, but the package never turns up. [27]
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Section 3 of 4:

How to Avoid and Protect Yourself from Romance Scams

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    Romance scammers often follow the same common scams, showering you with attention and affection to make you feel special quickly, but never making a move to meet in person. [28] Other signs a person might not be genuine might include:
    • The profile seems unrealistic, like having professional high-quality photos with unusually attractive people or listing a high-paying, prestigious job.
    • They use social media platforms to contact you, and you’ve never talked to them on the phone or in text messages connected to a phone number.
    • They always want to talk like they’re not doing anything all day because their main job is scamming others.
    • Their social media profile was created recently, they have few likes or comments on their posts, and their “friends” all come from different foreign countries. [29]
    • They claim to have a job that keeps them far away or traveling often, like being in the military or working on an oil rig.
    • They claim to have a level of education or be of a nationality that doesn’t match their language ability.
      • For example, someone might say they have a law degree from a U.S. university but use poor English grammar or spelling.
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    If a person you met on social media or a dating site asks for money, never agree to do so, even if they tell you they’ve been in an accident or a tragic incident. A real person looking for love will never ask someone they’ve never met for money. [30]
    • The scammer might get angry if you don’t do what they ask and threaten to cut off the relationship. Try to remember that this relationship isn’t real—all this person wants from you is your money or information. [31]
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    Try to avoid giving out any personal information, such as your home address, bank account information, or anything else that can allow the scammer to steal your identity. [32]
    • Some scammers might convince you to send an intimate picture, then blackmail you and ask you for your personal information in exchange for the photos. [33]
    • Even if the other person wants to use your bank information to send you money, you may be getting involved in a money laundering scheme, which is a criminal offense. [34]
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    Scammers might do extensive research, digging through your social media sites and dating posts for information about your life and personality that they can use to manipulate you into believing you have a real connection with them. [35] To protect yourself from dating scams, set any public accounts or posts as private.
    • Consider limiting what you share online, like where you live, where you work, or what your hobbies and interests are. [36]
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    You may be tempted to stay in touch with them, especially if you gave them money or got swept up in their romantic gestures. However, the only way to keep your heart and your wallet safe is to eliminate this person from your life immediately. [37]
    • Even if you give a scammer money, they will continue asking for more money or ask for personal information they can use for identity fraud and financial takeover schemes. [38]
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    Try to avoid keeping your online relationship a secret—it can be easier for others to spot an online dating scam . [39] If someone you love and trust expresses concern about your new relationship, try to hear them out and honestly assess if their worries are valid. [40]
    • Romance scammers might try to convince you to keep them a secret from your loved ones or try to isolate you from your family or friends. [41]
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Section 4 of 4:

What to Do if You’ve Been Scammed

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    If you realize that you’ve been played by a romance scammer, break off all contact immediately. Try to remember that they’re not a successful or attractive person who loved you, but a scammer who tried to take advantage of you. [42]
    • Block all their attempts to reach you through email, text, or phone, and try to resist any temptation to physically locate and confront the scammer. [43]
    • Reach out to those you trust, especially if the scammer made you feel like you couldn’t. The support of your friends and family is more important than ever right now. [44]
  2. {"smallUrl":"https:\/\/www.wikihow.com\/images\/thumb\/4\/45\/Outsmart-a-Romance-Scammer-Step-18.jpg\/v4-460px-Outsmart-a-Romance-Scammer-Step-18.jpg","bigUrl":"\/images\/thumb\/4\/45\/Outsmart-a-Romance-Scammer-Step-18.jpg\/v4-728px-Outsmart-a-Romance-Scammer-Step-18.jpg","smallWidth":460,"smallHeight":345,"bigWidth":728,"bigHeight":546,"licensing":"<div class=\"mw-parser-output\"><p>\u00a9 2024 wikiHow, Inc. All rights reserved. wikiHow, Inc. is the copyright holder of this image under U.S. and international copyright laws. This image is <b>not<\/b> licensed under the Creative Commons license applied to text content and some other images posted to the wikiHow website. This image may not be used by other entities without the express written consent of wikiHow, Inc.<br>\n<\/p><p><br \/>\n<\/p><\/div>"}
    Report the romance scammer to your country’s authorities, like the FTC or the FBI’s Internet Crime Complaint Center in the United States. Notify your bank if you sent the scammer money ask them for a refund. [45]
    • Turn over everything, including copies of your correspondence, to law enforcement officials and allow them to investigate the case. [46]
    • In addition, notify the site or app where the scammer created their fake profile.
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      References

      1. ↑ https://www.aarp.org/money/scams-fraud/info-2022/ways-to-recognize-romance-scams.html
      2. ↑ https://www.uspis.gov/news/scam-article/romance-scam
      3. ↑ https://www.uspis.gov/news/scam-article/romance-scam
      4. ↑ https://www.aarp.org/money/scams-fraud/info-2022/ways-to-recognize-romance-scams.html
      5. ↑ https://consumer.ftc.gov/articles/what-know-about-romance-scams
      6. ↑ https://www.ftc.gov/news-events/data-visualizations/data-spotlight/2023/02/romance-scammers-favorite-lies-exposed
      7. ↑ https://www.scamwatch.gov.au/types-of-scams/romance-scams
      8. ↑ https://netsafe.org.nz/romance-scams/
      9. ↑ https://netsafe.org.nz/romance-scams/
      1. ↑ https://consumer.ftc.gov/articles/what-know-about-romance-scams
      2. ↑ https://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/new-brunswick/real-life-romance-scams-1.4000679
      3. ↑ https://www.fbi.gov/news/stories/romance-scams
      4. ↑ https://consumer.ftc.gov/articles/what-know-about-romance-scams
      5. ↑ https://www.fbi.gov/news/stories/romance-scams
      6. ↑ https://www.pcmag.com/how-to/who-called-me-from-this-phone-number
      7. ↑ https://www.fbi.gov/news/stories/romance-scams
      8. ↑ https://www.fbi.gov/contact-us/field-offices/atlanta/news/beware-of-romanceconfidence-scams-interviews-available-ahead-of-valentines-day
      9. ↑ https://www.ice.gov/features/romance-scams
      10. ↑ https://www.ice.gov/features/romance-scams
      11. ↑ ​ https://www.aarp.org/money/scams-fraud/info-2019/romance.html
      12. ↑ https://www.secretservice.gov/investigation/romancescams
      13. ↑ https://www.scamwatch.gov.au/types-of-scams/romance-scams
      14. ↑ https://consumer.ftc.gov/articles/what-know-about-romance-scams
      15. ↑ https://www.ftc.gov/news-events/data-visualizations/data-spotlight/2023/02/romance-scammers-favorite-lies-exposed
      16. ↑ https://www.ftc.gov/news-events/data-visualizations/data-spotlight/2023/02/romance-scammers-favorite-lies-exposed
      17. ↑ https://www.ftc.gov/news-events/data-visualizations/data-spotlight/2023/02/romance-scammers-favorite-lies-exposed
      18. ↑ https://www.ftc.gov/news-events/data-visualizations/data-spotlight/2023/02/romance-scammers-favorite-lies-exposed
      19. ↑ https://www.scamwatch.gov.au/types-of-scams/romance-scams
      20. ↑ https://www.scamwatch.gov.au/types-of-scams/romance-scams
      21. ↑ https://www.scamwatch.gov.au/types-of-scams/romance-scams
      22. ↑ https://www.scamwatch.gov.au/types-of-scams/romance-scams
      23. ↑ https://www.scamwatch.gov.au/types-of-scams/romance-scams
      24. ↑ https://www.ftc.gov/news-events/data-visualizations/data-spotlight/2023/02/romance-scammers-favorite-lies-exposed
      25. ↑ https://www.scamwatch.gov.au/types-of-scams/romance-scams
      26. ↑ https://www.secretservice.gov/investigation/romancescams
      27. ↑ https://www.ice.gov/features/romance-scams
      28. ↑ https://consumer.ftc.gov/articles/what-know-about-romance-scams
      29. ↑ https://www.secretservice.gov/investigation/romancescams
      30. ↑ https://www.scamwatch.gov.au/types-of-scams/romance-scams
      31. ↑ https://consumer.ftc.gov/articles/what-know-about-romance-scams
      32. ↑ https://www.scamwatch.gov.au/types-of-scams/romance-scams
      33. ↑ https://www.uspis.gov/news/scam-article/romance-scam
      34. ↑ https://www.uspis.gov/news/scam-article/romance-scam
      35. ↑ https://www.ice.gov/features/romance-scams
      36. ↑ https://consumer.ftc.gov/articles/what-know-about-romance-scams
      37. ↑ https://www.uspis.gov/news/scam-article/romance-scam

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