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Learn how to prune dahlias to keep them healthy and beautiful all season
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The dahlia is a popular garden plant prized for its beautiful blooms. If you prune your dahlias correctly, you can enjoy these showy flowers from the middle of summer through the first frost of the year. In addition, you may need to prune your dahlias to remove pests or diseases. Luckily, caring for your dahlias is easy when you know how!
Steps
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Pinch the tips off of dahlias once they reach 16 in (41 cm). When the dahlia first starts growing, it will develop 4 sets of leaves. Pinching off the top of the plant above the fourth set of leaves will encourage branching, resulting in a fuller plant and therefore more flowers. [1] X Trustworthy Source Royal Horticultural Society Leading gardening charity in the U.K. providing resources for identifying, growing and caring for flowers and other plants Go to source
- At this point in their growing cycle, the dahlias are sprouting rapidly, so they’ll recover quickly.
- You can continue to remove new growth throughout the growing season to encourage even more flower production.
- New growth is easy to remove with just your forefinger and thumb, although you can use a sharp tool if you prefer.
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Limit each plant to 3 to 5 flowering stems if you want giant blooms. More flowers take up more of the dahlia’s energy, resulting in smaller flowers. To get the biggest dahlia blooms, restrict the number of flowers on each plant, so the energy can be directed towards growing just a few large flowers. [2] X Trustworthy Source Royal Horticultural Society Leading gardening charity in the U.K. providing resources for identifying, growing and caring for flowers and other plants Go to sourceAdvertisement
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Allow up to 10 flower stems if you don’t mind smaller blooms. If you prefer to have more flowers and you aren’t as worried about size, just focus on cutting back new growth occasionally. As the dahlia branches out, you may see as many as 10 flowers on a single plant. [3] X Trustworthy Source Royal Horticultural Society Leading gardening charity in the U.K. providing resources for identifying, growing and caring for flowers and other plants Go to source
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Cut off flowers with scissors once they have started to fade. The practice of removing faded flowers, also called deadheading, encourages more blooms. You may even see your dahlia bloom all the way through the fall if you remove faded flowers through the season. [4] X Trustworthy Source Royal Horticultural Society Leading gardening charity in the U.K. providing resources for identifying, growing and caring for flowers and other plants Go to source
- Since dahlias have tough, stringy stems, it’s easiest to remove the flowers with sharp scissors, pruning shears, or a knife.
- Cut back the flower stem to where it meets a main stem.
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Do not remove rounded buds when you're deadheading. When all the petals have completely fallen off the flower, it can be hard to tell the difference between a new flower bud and the closed calyx left behind from the flower, also known as the dead head. However, the dead head is cone-shaped, whereas a bud is rounded. [5] X Research source
- While removing dead heads will encourage new buds to begin blooming, removing the buds will delay flower development.
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Cut off any diseased parts of the dahlias. If you notice any parts of the dahlias that are brown or shriveled, you can remove them with a pair of gardening shears to improve the appearance of your plants. Doing this regularly can also help to prevent diseases from spreading among your plants.
- Make sure to discard the diseased leaves, buds, and stems, such as by throwing them away or burning them.
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Remove flowers immediately if you see brown, water-soaked spots. This is a sign of a fungus, and eventually the fungus will lead to a wooly gray growth on the dahlia’s petals. The fungus will continue to spread if you don't remove the damaged petals. [6] X Research source
- This fungus favors cool, wet conditions. If you live in a climate where this weather is common, you may need to spray the plant with a fungicide, such as iprodione, mancozeb, or fenhexamid, which you should be able to find at a garden supply store.
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Pull up the entire plant, including the roots, if you see knots forming. This is a sign of the root knot nematode, which lives in warm, sandy soil, and which can affect a variety of different plants. The knots will appear near the roots, and they will continue to worsen until the plant dies. [7] X Research source
- If your soil is infested with root knot nematodes, you will need to treat it with a nematicide before you can grow healthy plants.
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Burn dahlia plants and roots if you see discoloration of the veins. The discoloration, combined with wilting leaves, is a sign of verticillium wilt, and it can stay in the soil for several years. This fungus will eventually kill your plant, and it can spread to other dahlias quickly if not treated. [8] X Research source
- If burning isn't allowed in your area, discard these plants in the landfill.
- You will also need to destroy the entire dahlia plant if you see mosaic mottling on the leaves, which is usually due to a virus spread by aphids.
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Avoid watering dahlias from overhead to prevent smut. Smut causes yellowish spots to appear on the leaves, and eventually leads to the leaves becoming brown and dry. Watering from directly overhead can lead to water pooling, allowing the growth of smut. [9] X Research source
- Instead, try to water close to the base of the plant, so the water will go directly to the roots.
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Dig up the dahlia bulbs each fall if you live in a cold region. If you experience hard freezes in the winter, it’s best to take the bulbs out of the ground. Dahlia bulbs can be stored over the winter so you can enjoy their cheerful blooms again the next year, and it’s easy to do. [10] X Research source
- If you don't want to store the bulbs over the winter, just buy new bulbs in the spring.
- In the U.S., dahlias can be left in the ground starting at Zone 8 and warmer.
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Cut back the foliage to 2–4 in (5.1–10.2 cm) above the ground. Dahlia foliage will turn black with the first frost. If you like, you can wait until this occurs before you cut the plant back to ensure you get the full enjoyment out of your dahlia for the season, and waiting will also help to get the bulb ready for storage. [11] X Research source
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Dig up the bulbs gently with a small spade. You should just be able to free the root clump by loosening the dirt and pulling upwards. If multiple plants are growing close together, gently separate the plants from each other. [12] X Research source
- Gently shake the soil off the roots.
- If there are any rotten bulbs on the root clump, cut them away with a sharp knife.
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Store the bulbs upside down for about 3 weeks to dry naturally. Find a cool, dry place to hang up the bulbs, like a basement or a garden shed. Place the bulbs upside-down in a pot for several weeks to dry them. [13] X Research source
- The bulbs should be completely dry before you store them, otherwise they could rot.
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Pack the dahlia bulbs in a container with a loose material once they are dry. Fill your container with sawdust, vermiculite, styrofoam peanuts, or any other dry, loose material that will protect your bulbs from humidity. This will keep them from rotting while they’re in storage. [14] X Research source
- The container should be loosely covered with a breathable material like burlap.
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Store the bulbs in a well-ventilated, frost-free spot until spring. Keep the container in a space where it will not be disturbed. The ideal temperature for storage is 40–45 °F (4–7 °C), but anywhere from 35–50 °F (2–10 °C) will work.
- Once spring arrives, separate the bulbs from the main clump and plant them again.
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QuestionIn middle England, can bulbs be left in the ground over winter?IdabelleCommunity AnswerDahlia bulbs can be left in the ground during mild winters. However, it isn't very hard to bring them indoors.
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References
- ↑ https://www.rhs.org.uk/advice/profile?PID=592
- ↑ https://www.rhs.org.uk/advice/profile?PID=592
- ↑ https://www.rhs.org.uk/advice/profile?PID=592
- ↑ https://www.rhs.org.uk/advice/profile?PID=129
- ↑ https://www.theimpatientgardener.com/how-to-deadhead-dahlias-for-blooms-all/
- ↑ http://ipm.ucanr.edu/PMG/r280111111.html
- ↑ http://ipm.ucanr.edu/PMG/r280111111.html
- ↑ http://ipm.ucanr.edu/PMG/r280111111.html
- ↑ http://ipm.ucanr.edu/PMG/r280111111.html
About This Article
Article Summary
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When you're pruning dahlias, pinch the tips off of the plant above the fourth set of leaves once it reaches about 16 inches to encourage it to grow bushier and produce more flowers. To create giant dahlia blooms, leave 3-5 flowers on each plant, but you can have up to 10 flowers per plant if you aren't concerned with the size of the blooms. Once the flowers fade, snip off the dead heads with a sharp garden tool. To learn how to properly dig up dahlia bulbs, read on!
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