There are infinitely many ways to program computers. Ultimately, it is the choice of the programmer how to accomplish what they need. There are, however, many "best practices" for styles and function usage for better compilation and safer programs. Some care should be taken to ensure that future programmers (including yourself) on your project can read and understand your code.
Steps
Method 1
Method 1 of 2:
Writing Standard Code
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Download a C++ IDE (integrated development environment) such as Eclipse, Netbeans, and CodeBlocks, or you can use a plain text editor such as Notepad++ or VIM. You can also run programs from the command line, in that case any text-editor will suffice. It might be handy to choose an editor which supports syntax highlighting and line-numbers. Most programmers find that unix-like systems (linux, OS X, BSD) are the best environments for development.
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Create a main program file. The main file must include a function called main(). This is where execution of the program begins. From here, you should be calling functions, instantiating classes, etc. Other files of your application as well as libraries can be included into this file.Advertisement
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Begin writing your program. Insert your code or the program that you need to build (see below for a few examples). Learn the syntax, semantics, Object-Oriented Programming paradigms, data striations, algorithm designs such as linked lists, priority queues, etc. C++ is not an easy language to program in, but doing so teaches you the fundamentals that extend to all programming languages.
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Insert comments in your code. Explain what your functions do and what variables are for. Choose clear names for variables and functions. Capitalize the names of global variables. In general: make sure that anyone reading your code can understand it.
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Use proper indenting in your code. Again, see the examples below.
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Compile your code with
g++ main.cpp -
Run your program by typing:
./a.outAdvertisement
Method 2
Method 2 of 2:
Following Examples
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1Take a look at Example 1:
/* This Is A Simple Program Just To Understand The Basic OF g++ Style. This Is A Program With g++ Compiler.*/ #include <iostream> /* include input and output functions */ using namespace std ; /* we are using the std (standard) functions */ int main () /* declare the main function ; you can have int main ( void ) too . */ { cout << " \n Hello Daddy" ; /* '\n' is a newline (\t is a tab) */ cout << " \n Hello Mummy" ; cout << " \n This Is My First Program" ; cout << " \n Date 11/03/2007" ; return 0 ; }
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2Consider this Example 2:
/* This Program Calculates The Sum Of Two Numbers */ #include <iostream> using namespace std ; int main () { float num1 , num2 , res ; /* declare variables; int, double, long.. work too */ cout << " \n Enter the first number= " ; cin >> num1 ; /* put user's value into num1 */ cout << " \n Enter the second number= " ; cin >> num2 ; res = num1 + num2 ; cout << " \n The sum of " << num1 << " and " << num2 << " = " << res '\n' ; return 0 ; }
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3Learn from Example 3:
/* Product Of Two Numbers */ #include <iostream> using namespace std ; int main () { float num1 ; int num2 ; double res ; cout << " \n Enter the first number= " ; cin >> num1 ; cout << " \n Enter the second number= " ; cin >> num2 ; res = num1 * num2 ; cout << " \n The Product of two numbers = " << res '\n' ; return 0 ; }
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4Take a look at Example 4:
// Looping to find a math equation. In this case, it figures out the answer to // Question #1 on Project Euler. #include <iostream> using namespace std ; int main () { // Opening Main. int sum1 = 0 ; int sum2 = 0 ; int sum3 = 0 ; int sum4 = 0 ; // Creates the integers needed in order to figure out the answer. for ( int a = 0 ; a < 1000 ; a = a + 3 ) { sum1 = sum1 + a ;} // Loops until a is 1000 or over, adding 3 to a every loop. Also adds a to sum1. for ( int b = 0 ; b < 1000 ; b = b + 5 ) { sum2 = sum2 + b ;} // Loops until b is 1000 or over, adding 5 to b every loop. Also adds b to sum2. for ( int c = 0 ; c < 1000 ; c = c + 15 ) { sum3 = sum3 + c ;} // Loops until c is 1000 or over, adding 15 to c every loop. Also adds c to sum3. sum4 = sum1 + sum2 - sum3 ; // sum4 takes the sum of sum1 and sum2, and subtracts sum3. cout << sum4 ; // Outputs sum4, the answer. cin . get (); // Waits for user to press enter. return 0 ; // Return statement. } // Closing Main.
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5Take a look at this example of different styles:
int main (){ int i = 0 ; if ( 1 + 1 == 2 ){ i = 2 ; } } /* This is Whitesmiths style */ int main () { int i ; if ( 1 + 1 == 2 ) { i = 2 ; } } /* This is GNU style */ int main () { int i ; if ( condition ) { i = 2 ; function (); } }
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Expert Q&A
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QuestionWhat do I need to know when starting to write C++?Tyrone Showers is a Technologist and the Co-owner of Taliferro Group, an IT consulting company based in Seattle, Washington. With over 35 years of professional experience, he specializes in API Design, e-Commerce, Operational Efficiency, and website development. He has a B.S. in Computer Science from DeVry Institute of Technology.To embark on coding in C++, it's essential to grasp fundamental programming concepts such as variables, data types, loops, and conditions. These serve as the foundational elements in any programming language, including C++. Numerous online resources are available for learning C++, and development environments like Visual Studio have significantly facilitated the rapid comprehension of developers. Persistence and dedication are crucial. Begin by creating small programs for practical use or exploring concepts you've been curious about. The more you engage in coding, the deeper your understanding of C++ and your ability to solve problems using it will become.
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QuestionIs there a site where I can learn to make projects using C++?JesusFreaks 1225Community AnswerSololearn.com, it teaches you the basics. If you want to get further into C++ it may require a subscription to a site. Check out the free trial and see if you think it is worth it.
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QuestionHow can I download C++ on my 32 bit Windows 7 PC?Community AnswerC++ is a programming language. It cannot be downloaded.
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Tips
- Always try to use an ISO compiler with your programs.Thanks
- 'a.out' is the name of the default executable file made by the compiler.Thanks
- If you're writing anything that uses a lot of different variables or functions, try to include some comments so it is easier to debug and understand later on!Thanks
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Warnings
- Never use obfuscated styles or deprecated functions.Thanks
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Expert Interview
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