如何修复牙釉质

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共同创作者是 Joseph Krajekian, DMD

参考

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修复牙釉质的方法很多，比如 使用含氟牙膏 、 含氟漱口水 或是 含氟凝胶 。想要使用 天然一点的方法 ？那么你可以服用维生素D和钙补充剂。如果牙釉质严重受损，你可以 向牙医咨询 其它修复方案，像是牙冠或牙贴面。最后，你还必须 保持良好的口腔卫生 ，防止牙釉质损坏得更严重。

部分 1
部分 1 的 2:

修复牙釉质

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    许多因素会造成牙釉质酸蚀，包括某些食物和疾病。了解原因可以帮助你防止蛀蚀情况恶化。 [1]
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    氟化物可以使牙齿更耐酸，或许还能逆转早期蛀蚀。每天用含氟牙膏刷牙两次，可以帮助修复牙釉质，或是防止流失更多牙釉质。 [12]
    • 大部分药房或杂货店均有出售含氟牙膏。
    • 向医生咨询氟化物的使用。有时候，摄入过多氟化物会引发更多问题，像是氟牙症。小孩尤其容易患氟牙症。
    • 牙医也可以给你开比非处方牙膏更强的处方级含氟牙膏。 [13]
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    如果你觉得含氟牙膏刺激性太大，可以考虑用含氟漱口水漱口。这能帮助修复牙釉质，或是防止流失更多牙釉质。 [14]
    • 大部分药房和某些杂货店均有出售。
    • 如果这些非处方漱口水没有效，牙医或许可以给你开效果更强的含氟漱口水。 [15]
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    牙医进行的专业氟化治疗最有效，他可能会用含氟涂料或是涂氟牙托。 [16] 他也会给你开含氟凝胶，让你在家用。含氟凝胶保护牙齿，以免流失更多牙釉质，还可以防止蛀牙，促进整体口腔健康。 [17]
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    将再矿化治疗纳入你每天的口腔护理程序中。这或许有助于修复牙釉质，逆转蛀蚀。 [19]
    • 摄取健康脂肪，包括发酵黄油和椰子油，或许能帮助牙齿再矿化，促进牙釉质修复。 [20] 喝骨头汤也是不错的选择。 [21]
    • 服用维生素D和钙补充剂或许有助于修复牙釉质。 [22]
    • 每天摄取120毫升椰子油，可能对修复牙釉质有用。 [23]
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    如果家庭疗法无法修复牙釉质，不妨向牙医咨询其它选择。他会根据酸蚀程度和是否有龋洞，提出合适的建议，其中包括牙冠、补牙或牙贴面。 [24]
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    牙冠盖着牙齿，让它们恢复原本的形状。牙冠必须量身定做，以便能盖住你原本的牙齿，防止它进一步蛀蚀和流失更多牙釉质。 [25]
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    牙贴面也被称为嵌体和覆体，贴在牙齿表面，盖住酸蚀部分、裂缝、裂口或缺口，并防止酸蚀情况恶化。 [28]
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    蛀牙会造成牙釉质酸蚀。修补蛀牙可以防止牙釉质进一步受损，促进整体牙齿健康。 [29]
    • 补牙材料由牙色物料、金或银汞合金或复合材料制成，用来填平龋洞，减轻牙齿敏感。 [30]
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    窝沟封闭剂覆盖臼齿和前臼齿上的深沟，防止它们蛀蚀。让牙医或牙科保健员在臼齿上涂窝沟封闭剂，可以提供长达10年的保护，以免牙齿被酸蚀和遭受其它类型的磨损。 [31]
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    你可能需要去见牙医好几次，才能完成牙釉质修复治疗。按照医生的指示做好治疗、保养和口腔护理。
部分 2
部分 2 的 2:

保持良好的口腔卫生

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    每天和饭后刷牙，并用牙线洁牙，可以保持牙齿和牙龈健康，促进修复。保持口腔清洁也能防止牙釉质酸蚀情况恶化，预防难看的牙着色。 [32]
    • 如果可以，饭后也要刷牙和用牙线洁牙。卡在牙齿里的食物会导致细菌滋生，进一步损伤牙釉质。要是手边没有牙刷，嚼一片口香糖也很有用。 [33]
    • 在吃了任何酸性食物或饮料后的30分钟内不要刷牙，因为酸性物质会削弱牙釉质，过早刷牙又会损伤牙釉质。 [34] [35]
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    它们会造成牙釉质酸蚀。控制这些食物和饮料的摄入可以改善口腔健康。吃了这些食物后，记得要刷牙，预防牙釉质酸蚀。 [36]
    • 确保饮食健康、均衡，摄取精瘦蛋白质、水果、蔬菜和豆类，以促进整体健康，包括口腔健康。 [37]
    • 有些健康食物也是酸性的，包括柑橘类水果。你还是可以吃它们，不过要少吃，吃完记得刷牙。
    • 需要避开的含糖和酸性食物和饮料包括汽水、甜食、糖果和红酒。
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    它们会降低牙釉质的耐久性，甚至使它染色。用不含酒精的无色牙膏或漱口水就能避免这些问题。 [38]
    • 大部分杂货店、药房或线上零售商都有卖不含酒精的牙膏和漱口水。
  4. {"smallUrl":"https:\/\/www.wikihow.com\/images_en\/thumb\/0\/0e\/Grow-Algae-Step-2-Version-2.jpg\/v4-460px-Grow-Algae-Step-2-Version-2.jpg","bigUrl":"https:\/\/www.wikihow.com\/images\/thumb\/0\/0e\/Grow-Algae-Step-2-Version-2.jpg\/v4-728px-Grow-Algae-Step-2-Version-2.jpg","smallWidth":460,"smallHeight":345,"bigWidth":728,"bigHeight":546,"licensing":"<div class=\"mw-parser-output\"><\/div>"}
    中国大部分地区的自来水均经过氟化处理，帮助减少蛀牙和强化牙釉质。除非瓶装水特别注明它含有氟化物，否则蒸馏、过滤、逆渗透等过程已经去掉了自然存在于水中的氟化物。事实上，常喝瓶装水可能增加儿童蛀牙风险。 [39] 用瓶装水代替自来水可能会造成牙釉质流失。
    • 另外，许多瓶装水其实是酸性的，对牙齿也不好。
    • 你可以联络瓶装水生产商，询问他们的产品是否含有氟化物。 [40]
  5. {"smallUrl":"https:\/\/www.wikihow.com\/images_en\/thumb\/e\/e8\/Restore-Tooth-Enamel-Step-16.jpg\/v4-460px-Restore-Tooth-Enamel-Step-16.jpg","bigUrl":"https:\/\/www.wikihow.com\/images\/thumb\/e\/e8\/Restore-Tooth-Enamel-Step-16.jpg\/v4-728px-Restore-Tooth-Enamel-Step-16.jpg","smallWidth":460,"smallHeight":345,"bigWidth":728,"bigHeight":546,"licensing":"<div class=\"mw-parser-output\"><\/div>"}
    如果你有咬牙、磨牙的坏习惯，可能会损坏牙釉质和牙齿。有磨牙问题的人可以询问牙医是否需要使用护牙套。 [41]
    • 磨牙会磨损修复材料，造成牙齿敏感，并出现缺口、裂缝等损伤。 [42]
    • 咬指甲、用牙齿开瓶盖或用牙齿拿东西也是不好的习惯。尽量不要这么做，以免损坏牙齿或补牙材料。
  6. {"smallUrl":"https:\/\/www.wikihow.com\/images_en\/thumb\/1\/1a\/Restore-Tooth-Enamel-Step-17.jpg\/v4-460px-Restore-Tooth-Enamel-Step-17.jpg","bigUrl":"https:\/\/www.wikihow.com\/images\/thumb\/1\/1a\/Restore-Tooth-Enamel-Step-17.jpg\/v4-728px-Restore-Tooth-Enamel-Step-17.jpg","smallWidth":460,"smallHeight":345,"bigWidth":728,"bigHeight":546,"licensing":"<div class=\"mw-parser-output\"><\/div>"}
    这是保持口腔健康不可或缺的程序。每年至少见牙医两次。如果你有牙齿或牙釉质蛀蚀问题，应该增加看牙医的次数。 [43]
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    嚼口香糖可以促进唾液分泌，帮助预防蛀牙。研究显示木糖醇有助于减少细菌活动和蛀牙，不妨考虑嚼含有木糖醇的口香糖。

小提示

  • 每天刷牙和用牙线洁牙两次。预防胜于修复。
  • 喝了红酒等酸性饮料后，立刻刷牙会削弱牙釉质。最好过了半小时才刷牙。
  • 饭后也要刷牙，以防止牙菌斑形成。如果无法刷牙，不妨嚼无糖口香糖，或用水冲洗口腔。

警告

  • 改变口腔护理程序或饮食习惯之前，最好先问过牙医或医生。


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参考

  1. ↑ http://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/cavities/basics/causes/con-20030076
  2. ↑ http://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/cavities/basics/causes/con-20030076
  3. ↑ http://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/cavities/basics/causes/con-20030076
  4. ↑ http://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/cavities/basics/causes/con-20030076
  5. ↑ http://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/cavities/basics/causes/con-20030076
  6. ↑ http://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/cavities/basics/causes/con-20030076
  7. ↑ http://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/cavities/basics/causes/con-20030076
  8. ↑ http://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/cavities/basics/causes/con-20030076
  9. ↑ http://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/cavities/basics/causes/con-20030076
  1. ↑ http://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/cavities/basics/causes/con-20030076
  2. ↑ http://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/cavities/basics/causes/con-20030076
  3. ↑ http://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/cavities/basics/treatment/con-20030076
  4. ↑ http://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/cavities/basics/treatment/con-20030076
  5. ↑ http://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/cavities/basics/treatment/con-20030076
  6. ↑ http://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/cavities/basics/treatment/con-20030076
  7. ↑ http://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/cavities/basics/treatment/con-20030076
  8. ↑ http://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/cavities/basics/treatment/con-20030076
  9. ↑ http://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/cavities/basics/treatment/con-20030076
  10. ↑ http://wellnessmama.com/3650/remineralize-teeth/
  11. ↑ http://wellnessmama.com/3650/remineralize-teeth/
  12. ↑ http://wellnessmama.com/3650/remineralize-teeth/
  13. ↑ http://wellnessmama.com/3650/remineralize-teeth/
  14. ↑ http://wellnessmama.com/3650/remineralize-teeth/
  15. ↑ http://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/cavities/basics/treatment/con-20030076
  16. ↑ http://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/cavities/basics/treatment/con-20030076
  17. ↑ http://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/cavities/basics/treatment/con-20030076
  18. ↑ http://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/cavities/basics/treatment/con-20030076
  19. ↑ http://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/cavities/basics/treatment/con-20030076
  20. ↑ http://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/cavities/basics/treatment/con-20030076
  21. ↑ http://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/cavities/basics/treatment/con-20030076
  22. ↑ http://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/cavities/basics/prevention/con-20030076
  23. ↑ http://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/cavities/basics/prevention/con-20030076
  24. ↑ http://www.ada.org/en/science-research/ada-seal-of-acceptance/product-category-information/chewing-gum
  25. ↑ https://www.mayoclinic.org/healthy-lifestyle/adult-health/expert-answers/brushing-your-teeth/faq-20058193
  26. ↑ https://www.colgate.com/en-us/oral-health/basics/brushing-and-flossing/is-brushing-teeth-after-eating-good-for-you-0313
  27. ↑ http://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/cavities/basics/prevention/con-20030076
  28. ↑ http://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/cavities/basics/prevention/con-20030076
  29. ↑ http://www.everydayhealth.com/dental-health/to-mouthwash-or-not-to-mouthwash.aspx
  30. ↑ http://www.cdc.gov/fluoridation/faqs/bottled_water.htm
  31. ↑ http://www.cdc.gov/fluoridation/faqs/bottled_water.htm
  32. ↑ http://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/cavities/basics/prevention/con-20030076
  33. ↑ http://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/cavities/basics/prevention/con-20030076
  34. ↑ http://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/cavities/basics/prevention/con-20030076

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