如何分离沙和盐

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分离沙和盐的实验是探索不溶性物质和可溶性物质的极佳方式。遵照以下方案，您既可以使用带有本生灯的化学实验室，又可以用家里的炉子来进行尝试。你可以学会如何使用家居用品来分离盐和沙。

方法 1
方法 1 的 5:

工作区

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    锅子的尺寸视沙和盐的分量而定。除了沙和盐，你还需要预留一点位置给水。
  3. {"smallUrl":"https:\/\/www.wikihow.com\/images_en\/thumb\/e\/e3\/Separate-Sand-and-Salt-Step-3.jpg\/v4-460px-Separate-Sand-and-Salt-Step-3.jpg","bigUrl":"https:\/\/www.wikihow.com\/images\/thumb\/e\/e3\/Separate-Sand-and-Salt-Step-3.jpg\/v4-728px-Separate-Sand-and-Salt-Step-3.jpg","smallWidth":460,"smallHeight":345,"bigWidth":728,"bigHeight":546,"licensing":"<div class=\"mw-parser-output\"><\/div>"}
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方法 2
方法 2 的 5:

混合沙子和盐

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    你可以使用任何尺寸的玻璃杯、量杯、或其他容器进行量度，只要沙和盐的比例维持在1:1即可。你可以使用食盐。
  2. {"smallUrl":"https:\/\/www.wikihow.com\/images_en\/thumb\/b\/b0\/Separate-Sand-and-Salt-Step-5.jpg\/v4-460px-Separate-Sand-and-Salt-Step-5.jpg","bigUrl":"https:\/\/www.wikihow.com\/images\/thumb\/b\/b0\/Separate-Sand-and-Salt-Step-5.jpg\/v4-728px-Separate-Sand-and-Salt-Step-5.jpg","smallWidth":460,"smallHeight":345,"bigWidth":728,"bigHeight":546,"licensing":"<div class=\"mw-parser-output\"><\/div>"}
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方法 3
方法 3 的 5:

烧水

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    水要倒得多一些，水面至少要高于沙盐混合物表面2.5厘米。
    • 你需要有足够的水来完全溶解掉盐，并使水中盐的浓度不至于达到饱和状态。
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  3. {"smallUrl":"https:\/\/www.wikihow.com\/images_en\/thumb\/7\/7f\/Separate-Sand-and-Salt-Step-10.jpg\/v4-460px-Separate-Sand-and-Salt-Step-10.jpg","bigUrl":"https:\/\/www.wikihow.com\/images\/thumb\/7\/7f\/Separate-Sand-and-Salt-Step-10.jpg\/v4-728px-Separate-Sand-and-Salt-Step-10.jpg","smallWidth":460,"smallHeight":345,"bigWidth":728,"bigHeight":546,"licensing":"<div class=\"mw-parser-output\"><\/div>"}
    加热并搅拌5分钟应足以使盐完全溶解至水中。
  4. {"smallUrl":"https:\/\/www.wikihow.com\/images_en\/thumb\/d\/d9\/Separate-Sand-and-Salt-Step-11.jpg\/v4-460px-Separate-Sand-and-Salt-Step-11.jpg","bigUrl":"https:\/\/www.wikihow.com\/images\/thumb\/d\/d9\/Separate-Sand-and-Salt-Step-11.jpg\/v4-728px-Separate-Sand-and-Salt-Step-11.jpg","smallWidth":460,"smallHeight":345,"bigWidth":728,"bigHeight":546,"licensing":"<div class=\"mw-parser-output\"><\/div>"}
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方法 4
方法 4 的 5:

分离出沙子

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    在混合物的下方放一只碗，以接住水。
    • 沙子应该会呆在你的滤布中，而你那些已被溶解的盐则和水一道通过了滤布。
  2. {"smallUrl":"https:\/\/www.wikihow.com\/images_en\/thumb\/9\/9b\/Separate-Sand-and-Salt-Step-13.jpg\/v4-460px-Separate-Sand-and-Salt-Step-13.jpg","bigUrl":"https:\/\/www.wikihow.com\/images\/thumb\/9\/9b\/Separate-Sand-and-Salt-Step-13.jpg\/v4-728px-Separate-Sand-and-Salt-Step-13.jpg","smallWidth":460,"smallHeight":345,"bigWidth":728,"bigHeight":546,"licensing":"<div class=\"mw-parser-output\"><\/div>"}
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方法 5
方法 5 的 5:

分理出盐

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    把火调至中高档。
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    在水蒸发过程中，盐将聚集于锅底。
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    量度一下你所获得的沙和盐的分量，看看你这次分离沙和盐有多成功。
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小提示

  • 在海滩上找到的沙盐混合物通常含有20%甚至更少的盐，而非50%。若以沙滩上找到的海盐来做科学实验，所得到的的结果也许会与家里的实验结果有些许出入。
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你需要准备

  • 沙子
  • 盐
  • 锅
  • 炉灶或本生灯
  • 水
  • 过滤器或滤布
  • 勺子
  • 碗

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参考

  1. http://www.chem.umn.edu/outreach/Card-SepSaltandSand.html
  2. http://www.nuffieldfoundation.org/practical-chemistry/separating-sand-and-salt
  3. http://www.rsc.org/learn-chemistry/wiki/index.php?title=TeacherExpt:Separating_sand_and_salt&oldid=7390

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