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如何找出边际成本

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边际成本是经济学中根据产量和其他数据算出来的值，能告诉你生产更多产品需要的成本。需要知道不同的生产变量，比如固定成本和可变成本，来找出边际成本。你可以通过一个公式来找出边际成本。

方法 1

方法 1 的 3:

准备公式

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1
找个或自己做个图标来表示产品成本和量。 要确保包括以下数值：
- 产量。第一列要写出递增的总产量，你可以逐项递增1，也可以逐项递增1000。（1000、2000、3000……）
- 固定成本和可变成本。生产过程中会有成本，比如租金（固定），还有其他会根据产量而变的成本，每种成本都写一列，写入数据。
{"smallUrl":"https:\/\/www.wikihow.com\/images_en\/thumb\/0\/0f\/Find-Marginal-Cost-Step-2.jpg\/v4-460px-Find-Marginal-Cost-Step-2.jpg","bigUrl":"https:\/\/www.wikihow.com\/images\/thumb\/0\/0f\/Find-Marginal-Cost-Step-2.jpg\/v4-728px-Find-Marginal-Cost-Step-2.jpg","smallWidth":460,"smallHeight":345,"bigWidth":728,"bigHeight":546,"licensing":"<div class=\"mw-parser-output\"><\/div>"}

拿笔、纸张、jisuanqi，也可以用电子表格软件来做计算，如果你一开始写出公式，更能理解边际成本的计算意义

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方法 2

方法 2 的 3:

解出总成本

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{"smallUrl":"https:\/\/www.wikihow.com\/images_en\/thumb\/0\/04\/Find-Marginal-Cost-Step-3.jpg\/v4-460px-Find-Marginal-Cost-Step-3.jpg","bigUrl":"https:\/\/www.wikihow.com\/images\/thumb\/0\/04\/Find-Marginal-Cost-Step-3.jpg\/v4-728px-Find-Marginal-Cost-Step-3.jpg","smallWidth":460,"smallHeight":345,"bigWidth":728,"bigHeight":546,"licensing":"<div class=\"mw-parser-output\"><\/div>"}
{"smallUrl":"https:\/\/www.wikihow.com\/images_en\/thumb\/f\/f8\/Find-Marginal-Cost-Step-4.jpg\/v4-460px-Find-Marginal-Cost-Step-4.jpg","bigUrl":"https:\/\/www.wikihow.com\/images\/thumb\/f\/f8\/Find-Marginal-Cost-Step-4.jpg\/v4-728px-Find-Marginal-Cost-Step-4.jpg","smallWidth":460,"smallHeight":345,"bigWidth":728,"bigHeight":546,"licensing":"<div class=\"mw-parser-output\"><\/div>"}
{"smallUrl":"https:\/\/www.wikihow.com\/images_en\/thumb\/d\/d8\/Find-Marginal-Cost-Step-5.jpg\/v4-460px-Find-Marginal-Cost-Step-5.jpg","bigUrl":"https:\/\/www.wikihow.com\/images\/thumb\/d\/d8\/Find-Marginal-Cost-Step-5.jpg\/v4-728px-Find-Marginal-Cost-Step-5.jpg","smallWidth":460,"smallHeight":345,"bigWidth":728,"bigHeight":546,"licensing":"<div class=\"mw-parser-output\"><\/div>"}

3
把所有数据填入，完成所有总成本计算。
- 如果你用电子表格，则一开始可以输入一个公式来计算总成本这一列，可以自动算入固定成本和可变成本。
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方法 3

方法 3 的 3:

边际成本公式

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{"smallUrl":"https:\/\/www.wikihow.com\/images_en\/thumb\/2\/2b\/Find-Marginal-Cost-Step-6.jpg\/v4-460px-Find-Marginal-Cost-Step-6.jpg","bigUrl":"https:\/\/www.wikihow.com\/images\/thumb\/2\/2b\/Find-Marginal-Cost-Step-6.jpg\/v4-728px-Find-Marginal-Cost-Step-6.jpg","smallWidth":460,"smallHeight":345,"bigWidth":728,"bigHeight":546,"licensing":"<div class=\"mw-parser-output\"><\/div>"}
{"smallUrl":"https:\/\/www.wikihow.com\/images_en\/thumb\/2\/2f\/Find-Marginal-Cost-Step-7.jpg\/v4-460px-Find-Marginal-Cost-Step-7.jpg","bigUrl":"https:\/\/www.wikihow.com\/images\/thumb\/2\/2f\/Find-Marginal-Cost-Step-7.jpg\/v4-728px-Find-Marginal-Cost-Step-7.jpg","smallWidth":460,"smallHeight":345,"bigWidth":728,"bigHeight":546,"licensing":"<div class=\"mw-parser-output\"><\/div>"}

在右边另起一列，写上"边际成本" ，第一行留空白，因为第一行没有之前的产量，没有边际成本。 .
{"smallUrl":"https:\/\/www.wikihow.com\/images_en\/thumb\/8\/87\/Find-Marginal-Cost-Step-8.jpg\/v4-460px-Find-Marginal-Cost-Step-8.jpg","bigUrl":"https:\/\/www.wikihow.com\/images\/thumb\/8\/87\/Find-Marginal-Cost-Step-8.jpg\/v4-728px-Find-Marginal-Cost-Step-8.jpg","smallWidth":460,"smallHeight":345,"bigWidth":728,"bigHeight":546,"licensing":"<div class=\"mw-parser-output\"><\/div>"}

$40减去 $30
{"smallUrl":"https:\/\/www.wikihow.com\/images_en\/thumb\/e\/ee\/Find-Marginal-Cost-Step-9.jpg\/v4-460px-Find-Marginal-Cost-Step-9.jpg","bigUrl":"https:\/\/www.wikihow.com\/images\/thumb\/e\/ee\/Find-Marginal-Cost-Step-9.jpg\/v4-728px-Find-Marginal-Cost-Step-9.jpg","smallWidth":460,"smallHeight":345,"bigWidth":728,"bigHeight":546,"licensing":"<div class=\"mw-parser-output\"><\/div>"}

2 减去1
{"smallUrl":"https:\/\/www.wikihow.com\/images_en\/thumb\/8\/83\/Find-Marginal-Cost-Step-10.jpg\/v4-460px-Find-Marginal-Cost-Step-10.jpg","bigUrl":"https:\/\/www.wikihow.com\/images\/thumb\/8\/83\/Find-Marginal-Cost-Step-10.jpg\/v4-728px-Find-Marginal-Cost-Step-10.jpg","smallWidth":460,"smallHeight":345,"bigWidth":728,"bigHeight":546,"licensing":"<div class=\"mw-parser-output\"><\/div>"}

比如边际成本等于=$10/1，则本例子中边际成本为 $10
{"smallUrl":"https:\/\/www.wikihow.com\/images_en\/thumb\/b\/bf\/Find-Marginal-Cost-Step-11.jpg\/v4-460px-Find-Marginal-Cost-Step-11.jpg","bigUrl":"https:\/\/www.wikihow.com\/images\/thumb\/b\/bf\/Find-Marginal-Cost-Step-11.jpg\/v4-728px-Find-Marginal-Cost-Step-11.jpg","smallWidth":460,"smallHeight":345,"bigWidth":728,"bigHeight":546,"licensing":"<div class=\"mw-parser-output\"><\/div>"}

继续将数据相减，得出下面的边际成本。

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你需要准备

计算器
产品成本图表
铅笔或水笔
纸
边际成本公式
电子制表软件（可选）

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