如何自然地消除痔疮

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共同创作者是 Zora Degrandpre, ND

参考

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痔疮是指肛门内部或外部的静脉肿胀，为骨盆和直肠静脉压力过大所致，与便秘、腹泻和排便用力过度有关。最常见的症状是便血，你可能发现厕纸或马桶里有血。痔疮可能会发痒、发痛，多数是排便用力过度引起的。肥胖、抬重物和怀孕也会引起痔疮（胎儿在孕妇子宫里慢慢长大，压迫下腹静脉，引发痔疮）。 [1]

方法 1
方法 1 的 3:

自然地消除痔疮

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    排便后清理身体时，你或许可以摸到外痔（肛门周围柔软的肿块）。内痔一般摸不到，但可能会透过肛门往外突出。
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    如果不能泡澡，可以选择坐浴（坐在几厘米高的水里）。 [2] 将约270克泻盐倒入浴缸中，如果是坐浴，只要将2到3汤匙泻盐倒入几厘米高的水里。使用温水，别用热水，而且要保持水温。每天泡2到3次。这个方法看起来有点麻烦，但痔疮更麻烦！
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    将干净的棉毛巾进入温水中（非热水），直接敷在痔疮上约10到15分钟。每天重复4到5次，应该能起到舒缓作用。
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    排便后，将化妆棉浸在金缕梅中，然后抹在痔疮上。金缕梅有收敛作用，或许能减轻肿胀。按需要重复，每天至少抹4到5次。 [3]
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    排便后，彻底清理干净，避免刺激痔疮。与其直接用干厕纸清洁身体，不妨用婴儿湿纸巾，或者先弄湿厕纸。 [4]
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    [5] 冰袋有助于减轻痔疮肿胀，可是不能敷太久。每次最多只能敷5到10分钟。
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    坐在泡沫软垫或甜甜圈坐垫上，可以减轻一些与痔疮有关的压力。虽然不能“治好”痔疮，不过可以减轻不适，让你更轻松地与它们共存。
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方法 2
方法 2 的 3:

改变生活方式

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    借助地心引力，不过主要还得靠直肠蠕动。如果排不出，一两个小时后才再次尝试。最重要的是，不要太用力排便，就让它自然发生。
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    增加喝水量，每天至少喝1900到2400毫升水。粪便含有大量水分。水分越多，粪便越软，更容易排出体外。
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    纤维保留粪便水分，增加粪便容量，让它更轻易地通过直肠和肛门。如果你有痔疮，多吃纤维也能减轻排便时的痛苦。富含纤维的食物有：
    • 全谷类，包括糙米、大麦、玉米、黑麦、布格麦、荞麦和燕麦。
    • 水果，尤其是有壳或外皮的水果。
    • 蔬菜（特别是绿叶蔬菜，像是君达菜（swiss chard）、甘蓝菜叶（collard green）、菠菜、莴苣和甜菜叶）
    • 菜豆和豆科植物（注意，有些人吃了豆类会胀气）
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    经常吃泻药会形成依赖，并使直肠变弱，可能引起慢性便秘。如果你觉得自己真的需要吃泻药，不妨吃有轻泻作用的的草药。 [6]
    • 番泻叶和车前草均有轻泻作用。番泻叶是天然、温和的大便软化剂。你可以服用片剂（遵循生产商指示），或者晚上泡茶喝。你也可以摄取车前草纤维（例如Metamucil美达施），它有天然膨胀作用。 [7]
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    当中的理念是身体动作可以按摩内部器官，促进肠道蠕动。我们通常不会想到这一点，不过当身体在动的时候，器官也会移动及被按摩。
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    一旦你感到肠道蠕动，不要忍耐，尽快去上厕所，不要坐着或等太久。坐着也会增加患痔疮的风险。 [8]
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    看看是否可以安排一个固定的排便时间，每天同一时间排便，不会受到打扰。这样排便更轻松。排便正常意味着整体健康状况良好。 [9]
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方法 3
方法 3 的 3:

医学方法

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    虽然听起来有点奇怪，但是如果痔疮非常疼，而且很不舒服，不妨将少许婴儿出牙止痛凝胶抹在患处。它有局部抗菌作用，能减轻疼痛和不适。 [10]
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    [11] 用温水轻轻地清洁肛门部位，小心地抹干。然后擦少量芦荟胶或痔疮膏（例如Preparation H），减轻痔疮造成的疼痛和（或）不适。按需要使用。
    • Preparation H等痔疮膏一般含有凡士林、矿物油、鲨鱼肝油和苯肾上腺素，可以减轻充血，使痔疮收缩。
    • 芦荟胶所含成分被证实能抑制感染，帮助小伤口愈合。
    • 不要使用类固醇乳膏，它们会破坏痔疮周围娇嫩的组织。
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    如果不适症状持续很久，不妨服用非处方止痛药，像是扑热息痛、阿司匹林或布洛芬。 [12] 它们使你感觉更舒服，或许还能减轻肿胀。最好先咨询医生，确保你可以安全服用这些不常使用的药物。
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    如果你使用天然方法，大部分痔疮会在3到7天内痊愈。 [13] 如果情况没有改善，或是变得更严重，请联络医生。内痔通常需要医疗干预，有时候外痔也需要。如果上述方法还不够，医生最常使用的方法有： [14]
    • 结扎术：在痔疮底部绑橡皮筋，切断血液供应。
    • 注射使痔疮收缩的化学溶液。
    • 烧灼术：将痔疮烧掉。
    • 吻合器环形切除术：用手术用吻合器切断痔疮的血液供应。
    • 痔疮切除手术：做手术切除痔疮。
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警告

  • 如果直肠出血不是痔疮所致，医生可能会建议你进行更全面的乙状结肠镜检查，或是结肠镜检查，因为结肠癌的其中一个症状是直肠出血。 [15]
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参考

  1. ↑ http://familydoctor.org/familydoctor/en/diseases-conditions/hemorrhoids/causes-risk-factors.html
  2. ↑ http://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/hemorrhoids/basics/lifestyle-home-remedies/con-20029852
  3. ↑ http://www.webmd.com/vitamins-supplements/ingredientmono-227-witch%20hazel.aspx?activeingredientid=227&activeingredientname=witch%20hazel
  4. ↑ http://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/hemorrhoids/basics/lifestyle-home-remedies/con-20029852
  5. ↑ http://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/hemorrhoids/basics/lifestyle-home-remedies/con-20029852
  6. ↑ http://healthimpactnews.com/2013/a-key-predictor-of-well-being-healthy-bowel-movements/
  7. ↑ http://www.healthy.net/Health/Essay/Use_Psyllium_Instead_of_Metamucil/726
  8. ↑ http://familydoctor.org/familydoctor/en/diseases-conditions/hemorrhoids/treatment.html
  9. ↑ http://healthimpactnews.com/2013/a-key-predictor-of-well-being-healthy-bowel-movements/
  1. ↑ http://www.health.harvard.edu/diseases-and-conditions/hemorrhoids_and_what_to_do_about_them
  2. ↑ http://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/hemorrhoids/basics/lifestyle-home-remedies/con-20029852
  3. ↑ http://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/hemorrhoids/basics/lifestyle-home-remedies/con-20029852
  4. ↑ http://www.webmd.com/digestive-disorders/tc/hemorrhoids-when-to-call-a-doctor
  5. ↑ http://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/hemorrhoids/basics/treatment/con-20029852
  6. ↑ http://www.webmd.com/digestive-disorders/bleeding-digestive-tract

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