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如何让爱犬减慢进食速度

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共同创作者是 Dominik Feichtner

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你的爱犬是不是吃东西时总是狼吞虎咽？进食过快会伤害消化功能，宠物容易噎住、打嗝、放屁、胀气甚至呕吐。还好，有一些方法可以用来减缓喂养爱犬的速度。进食过程中如发生争抢要及时应对，并学一些方法来让爱犬减慢进食速度。

部分 1

部分 1 的 3:

让爱犬减慢进食速度

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1
换种方式在狗食盆里装食物。 不要直接将食物倒入狗食盆，把卷边的金属碗倒置。将食物放入碗四周的圆环里。这样爱犬必须绕着碗转，而且要抬头伸向另一侧，才能吃到食物。 ^{[1]
X
研究来源
The Waltham Book of Dog and Cat Behavior. Thorne. Publisher: Pergamon Press}
- 就这么简单的一件事，也可以让爱犬减慢进食速度，而且无需任何新工具。
- 你甚至可以尝试用手来给狗狗喂食，限制它每一口的进食量。
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2
购买特殊的狗食盆。 如果不想买商用塑料碗，可购买Brake Fast Bowl或 Slow Feeder。这种碗的四周为卷边，中间有塑料的球形突起，无防滑圈，在狗进食时会滑动，需要狗“追逐”食物。
- 也可购买迷宫喂食器。迷宫喂食器需要爱犬移动迷宫片才能将食物找到。
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把食物分装在几个小碟子里，置于屋子各处，或将食物分散在玛芬或纸杯蛋糕的蛋糕模里。这样至少爱犬在大口进食之间必须要喘口气，或者得花时间去找碟子。
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4
在碗中间放一块大石头，然后将食物倒在石头四周。 只能用大石头，如果太小，有的狗会一口把石头也吞下肚。如果是小狗，就在碗里放两三个高尔夫球，然后再把食物倒在球的四周。小狗必须把球拱到一边，才能吃到食物，这样就能让它减慢进食速度。 ^{[3]
X
研究来源
The Waltham Book of Dog and Cat Behavior. Thorne. Publisher: Pergamon Press}
- 注意，这只适用于小狗。对于小狗来说，高尔夫球太大，吞不下去。
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5
将狗食盆放到高处。 如果其他办法都无效，就把狗食盆放到低一点的桌子或凳子上。这样爱犬不得不把爪子放在台面上，让食道倾斜向下，有助于减少吞下的空气量。这样让头抬起，也更容易打嗝。 ^{[4]
X
研究来源
The Waltham Book of Dog and Cat Behavior. Thorne. Publisher: Pergamon Press}
- 把狗食盆放到高处可能会加大腹胀的风险。如果你的狗狗容易出现腹胀，那就不要用这种方法来喂食。
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部分 2

部分 2 的 3:

应对争抢食物

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你养了不止一只狗吗？你可能会发现你的狗吃得很快，是因为它担心其他狗会偷吃它的食物，或者它吃得很快，是为了有机会抢到其他狗的食物。这样的行为就属于争抢食物。 ^{[5]
X
研究来源
The Dog's Mind. Bruce Fogle. Publisher: Howell Book House}
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2
将狗食碗分开。 每只狗单独配备狗食碗，置于房间各端。这样能让每只狗都在自己的碗里进食，没有被其他狗盯上的压力。如果有贪吃的家伙一心想偷食，就让它单独在另一个房间进食，不要让其他狗看见它。 ^{[6]
X
研究来源
The Dog's Mind. Bruce Fogle. Publisher: Howell Book House}
- 这样能让受害的狗摆脱压力，也让贪吃的家伙失去诱惑。
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3
按时喂养。 你会发现，狗冲过去抢同伴的食物只是出于习惯而已。可能是因为对食物没有安全感。按时喂养能让狗对食物有安全感。
- 可能曾有过一次不幸的经历，让狗认为这么做是有必要的。例如，有一次主人回家晚了，饥肠辘辘的狗发现了残留的食物。下次当食物出现时，它狼吞虎咽地吃下食物，然后去找吃剩的食物（从同伴碗里），仅仅是因为对食物没有安全感。
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如果爱犬喜欢大惊小怪和关注，进食后就立即分散它的注意力。让它坐下来，并用很多积极的关注来奖励它。如果能坚持这样做，它就会来找你的关爱，而不是冲向同伴的饭碗。 ^{[7]
X
研究来源
The Dog's Mind. Bruce Fogle. Publisher: Howell Book House}
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5
坚持。 喂食方面做出的改变一定要长期坚持。尽管并非全都能起作用，但总归会有起作用的。记住，让狗学会放慢进食速度需要时间。
- 如果发现爱犬还是很贪嘴或爱争抢食物，可能是占有欲的问题，而不是进食过快的问题。如果一只狗有其他狗想要的东西，狗在进食时就很容易发生争抢食物的情况。
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部分 3

部分 3 的 3:

明白进食过快带来的危险

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1
必须要意识到，进食过快会导致健康问题。 如果喂狗就像是给鳄鱼扔鸡肉，那会让人十分沮丧。而且，囫囵吞枣会导致一些潜在的危险。
- 千万不可忽视进食过快这一习惯。应对进食过快的同时，也要警惕发展形成其他健康问题。
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狗在争抢食物时，会吞下大量空气。这会导致打嗝或放屁之类的小问题，让旁人不愉悦，但相对而言是无害的。 ^{[8]
X
研究来源
Small Animal Internal Medicine. Nelson & Couto. Publisher Mosby. 5th edition}
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狗进食时速度越快，咀嚼就越不仔细。如有大块食物需要嚼碎才能通过食道，就会导致窒息。 ^{[9]
X
研究来源
Small Animal Internal Medicine. Nelson & Couto. Publisher Mosby. 5th edition}
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4
查看是否胀气。 包括腹部肿胀或鼓起、走路弓腰驼背、想吐吐不出、精神萎靡、踱步。如怀疑胀气，一定要联系兽医。这属于紧急情况，宁可浪费个电话，也不能耽搁这一关乎生死的大问题。 ^{[10]
X
研究来源
Small Animal Internal Medicine. Nelson & Couto. Publisher Mosby. 5th edition}
- 食物导致的腹胀会引发胃部扭曲，切断胃部的血液供应。这会导致不可逆转的胃部损伤甚至死亡。如果爱犬遭遇这种情况，一定要立即看兽医。在家中无法自行救治。
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参考

↑ The Waltham Book of Dog and Cat Behavior. Thorne. Publisher: Pergamon Press
↑ The Waltham Book of Dog and Cat Behavior. Thorne. Publisher: Pergamon Press
↑ The Waltham Book of Dog and Cat Behavior. Thorne. Publisher: Pergamon Press
↑ The Dog's Mind. Bruce Fogle. Publisher: Howell Book House
↑ The Dog's Mind. Bruce Fogle. Publisher: Howell Book House
↑ The Dog's Mind. Bruce Fogle. Publisher: Howell Book House
↑ Small Animal Internal Medicine. Nelson & Couto. Publisher Mosby. 5th edition
↑ Small Animal Internal Medicine. Nelson & Couto. Publisher Mosby. 5th edition
↑ Small Animal Internal Medicine. Nelson & Couto. Publisher Mosby. 5th edition

关于本wikiHow

共同创作者是 :

Dominik Feichtner

训犬师和犬只行为专家

这篇文章的共同创作者是 Dominik Feichtner . Dominik Feichtner是一位专业训犬师和犬只行为专家，在美国纽约州创办了The Dog Behaviorist NYC。Dominik从业逾8年，擅长一般服从训练、行为改造和幼犬训练。他致力于使用平衡和常识性方法，在2020年获得Pooch and Harmony认可为“布鲁克林区最佳训犬师”和“纽约市最佳训犬师”之一。这篇文章已经被读过8,459次。

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