Q&A for How to Make a Box and Whisker Plot

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  • Question
    Can you explain what a box and whisker plot is?
    Joseph Meyer
    Math Teacher
    Joseph Meyer is a High School Math Teacher based in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. He is an educator at City Charter High School, where he has been teaching for over 7 years. Joseph is also the founder of Sandbox Math, an online learning community dedicated to helping students succeed in Algebra. His site is set apart by its focus on fostering genuine comprehension through step-by-step understanding (instead of just getting the correct final answer), enabling learners to identify and overcome misunderstandings and confidently take on any test they face. He received his MA in Physics from Case Western Reserve University and his BA in Physics from Baldwin Wallace University.
    Math Teacher
    Expert Answer
    A box-and-whisker plot primarily focuses on illustrating the distribution of data through quartiles, providing insights into where values lie within a dataset. In comparison to histograms, which display frequency distributions, a box and whisker plot offers a more comprehensive representation of the data's spread and central tendency. By depicting the minimum, maximum, and quartiles, this graphical tool not only highlights the central tendency but also reveals the spread and skewness of the data. Consequently, it serves as a valuable alternative to histograms, offering a more nuanced understanding of the distribution and variability within a dataset.
  • Question
    How do you know what the upper quadrant is?
    Community Answer
    The upper quadrant would be the set of numbers to the right of your median, if they are in order from least to greatest.
  • Question
    What if I have an even amount of numbers, and the two middle numbers are the same?
    Community Answer
    The median is the middle number or the average of the two numbers if you have an even amount of numbers. If you have two that are the same, you do not need to average since they are the same. If they weren't, you would average the two to get the median.
  • Question
    What's the lower extreme?
    Community Answer
    The lower extreme should be the lowest number in the data set, or the minimum number.
  • Question
    What is the median for the set of numbers 0, 2, ,2 3, 4, 6, 6, and 12?
    Community Answer
    The data is ordered, so you just need to find the median or center. When there is an even number of observations (data points), the center is not necessarily part of the data set. That is the case here. Three and 4 are in the middle of the data set but the center point comes halfway between 3 and 4, so it would be 3.5.
  • Question
    What happens if the median of the first quartile is higher than your range of numbers?
    Community Answer
    Then your first quartile is higher than your range. It doesn't make anything "happen". It doesn't matter either way, as range is not used when making a Box-and-Whisker Plot.
  • Question
    If the same value is shown multiple times, do we write it that number of times or just once?
    Community Answer
    You would write the number as many times as it occurs to make the results accurate.
  • Question
    How to calculate the whisker in the box plot?
    Community Answer
    The whisker is just the line that connects the two points on the side of your box, which are your highest and lowest number in your data set.
  • Question
    When I have an even number of data set, do I need to include the median numbers?
    Community Answer
    Yes, you just have to find the average of the two medians or middle numbers. For example, if the number set is {1,2,3,4,5,5,6,8}, then the two middle numbers would be 4 and 5. Find the average of these two numbers to get the ultimate median of 4.5.
  • Question
    I'm still confused about how to do these. Are they similar to histograms?
    Community Answer
    No, they are not. A histogram us used to show frequency table data. These plots are used to show quartiles.
  • Question
    How do I find the outlier of the plot?
    Community Answer
    The outliers are just the greatest and smallest numbers in the set.
  • Question
    What is the interquartile range?
    Community Answer
    The interquartile range is Quartile 3 - Quartile 1, which is basically the last third of the data set minus the first third.
  • Question
    How do I find the quartile with only 4 numbers?
    Community Answer
    First, you put them in order, find the halfway point between the two middle numbers (unless they are both the same, then just put that number), and do the regular process. The rest of the instructions are above.
  • Question
    How do I draw a box and whisker plot for 1231, 1240, 1249, 1250, 1255 and 1256?
    Community Answer
    You would do the same thing, because the size of the list or the size of the numbers doesn't matter.
  • Question
    How do you find the lower quartile with only 3 numbers?
    Community Answer
    You would use the 1st number as the lower quartile. For the upper quartile, you would use the 3rd number.
  • Question
    What is a histogram?
    Community Answer
    It is a diagram consisting of rectangles whose area is proportional to the frequency of a variable and whose width is equal to the class interval.
  • Question
    Does a box and whisker plot show mean mode or mean average deviation?
    Community Answer
    No it doesn't. The mean is the average. The mode is the number that is more frequent. The mean average deviation shows the variability of the numbers. That is why the answer is no.
  • Question
    How can I tell if a box plot is consistent or not?
    Community Answer
    The answer lies in the actual numbers. If it is something like a survey, then the things to look at to find a good quality survey are: 1. Does it have a wide number of test subjects/samples? 2. Does it have a lot of randomness/variety? 3. Is it unbiased?
  • Question
    Is there a way to have a set of numbers for a box and whisker plot without whiskers?
    Community Answer
    if you don't include the whiskers, that means that you cannot see what the minimum and maximum numbers are in the data set. The whole point of the plot is to see those, as well as the quartiles and outliers, so no, not really.
  • Question
    How can I calculate the first and third quartiles of a data set?
    Community Answer
    First, find the median. Then find the upper quartile from that number to the highest number by finding the median of that. Do the same thing for the lower quartile, except use the lowest number in the data.
  • Question
    How can I interpret it if the box of the upper outliers is bigger?
    Community Answer
    Every section of a box plot has an equal amount of data entries in it. So if one box is bigger or wider, that means the range of the data within that box is bigger or the data is more spread out within the box.
  • Question
    What if my median and upper quartile are the same number?
    Community Answer
    Then the median and upper quartile are just the same, just put it on the number line.
  • Question
    What is an interquartile range when making a box and whisker plot?
    Community Answer
    The interquartile range is the range of the lower value of the "box" to the highest value. This would exclude the outliers, also called the upper extreme and the lower extreme.
  • Question
    Why should I test for outliers if they are on the graph?
    Community Answer
    For example, if your data set is from 1-10 and then there's one outlier that is 60, you don't want to have to label your graph from 1-60.
  • Question
    What percent of the data values are located within the box?
    Community Answer
    50% of the data is always inside the box. That is how it is on any box and whisker plot.
  • Question
    What is the lower extreme of a box and whisker plot?
    Community Answer
    The lower extreme of a box and whisker plot is always the dot to the left of the plot. That is the minimum.
  • Question
    What if I have two of the same number that I need to use in the plot?
    Community Answer
    You just have to count them in on the median. If there are two of the same number, use that number twice when calculating the median. You don't have to do anything differently otherwise.
  • Question
    Can the median be one and the box go from 0 to 7.4?
    Community Answer
    The numbers have to be an equal number apart, so label from 0-8, with 0.2 number gaps between them, e.g. 0, 02, 0.4, 0.6, 0.8, 1.
  • Question
    What are the outliers marked by on a box and whisker plot?
    Community Answer
    A line that is shorter than your box. For example, say this ___ is the length of the vertical side of your box. You would use a line that looked like this __ or this _ because both of those are shorter than your box. Or you could just put a largish dot.
  • Question
    Can I make a box and whisker plot with grouped data?
    Community Answer
    If you meant making multiple box plot for each of those group, then yes. If you meant making one out of the grouped data, then no. In general, a box and whiskers plot aren't used for grouped data.
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