如何在没有阴道给药器的情况下塞入黄体酮栓

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共同创作者是 Luba Lee, FNP-BC, MS

参考

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黄体酮栓通常用于体外人工授精（IVF），或者用于治疗围绝经期妇女因黄体酮水平较低而引起的月经推迟。黄体酮栓由药剂师配制，既可在阴道给药器的配合下推入阴道，也能徒手塞入阴道。塞入黄体酮栓前，确保把双手和私处清洗干净。栓剂的使用和储存都务必遵循医生的指示。

部分 1
部分 1 的 3:

清洗双手和私处

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    站在淋浴房或浴缸中，将私处打湿。用手或干净的毛巾将沐浴露抹在私处，摩擦出泡沫，然后用温水将泡沫冲洗干净。
    • 女性私处容易滋生细菌。清洗私处是为了避免送药时细菌进入阴道。 [1]
    • 务必使用无香沐浴液，因为香精可能导致宫颈感染。 [2]
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    用洗手液和温水 洗手 。 用温水把手淋湿，然后抹上洗手液。持续揉搓双手20秒，搓出泡沫。接着用温水冲洗双手，将泡沫全部冲掉。
    • 手上也可能有细菌，所以小心别让细菌进入阴道。 [3]
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    黄体酮栓就是含有悬浮黄体酮的基质。栓剂进入人体后会融化，释放出黄体酮。为避免栓剂在手中融化，尽量少用手接触栓剂。 [4]
    • 你最好用两只手指轻轻夹住栓剂。绝对不能把栓剂握在手里。 [5]
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部分 2
部分 2 的 3:

将黄体酮栓推入阴道

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    这个姿势能让阴道口尽可能保持张开，从而使栓剂更容易塞入体内。以这种姿势塞入栓剂比其它方式塞入得更深，所以药物也能更好地发挥作用。 [6]
    • 不要只弯曲膝盖，双腿要尽量贴近身体。
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    尽量让栓剂粘在指尖上。如果粘不住，试着把栓剂放在阴道开口处，然后再用指尖把它推入阴道。 [7]
    • 接触栓剂时动作一定要轻，因为栓剂很容易被手的温度融化。
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    也许你能一直推到手指再也进不去为止。如果感到有阻力就停下来，让栓剂留在目前的位置。 [8]
    • 塞入栓剂照理说不会引起任何的不适或疼痛。如果你感到不舒服，立即停下来，抽出手指。
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    抽出手指，将栓剂留在阴道内。抽出手指时注意不要将药物一同带出。 [9]
    • 抽出手指时，栓剂不太可能粘在手指上。但要是遇到这种情况，那就重新把栓剂塞入阴道。把栓剂往阴道侧壁上推可以帮助栓剂留在阴道内。
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    平躺放松片刻再起身。栓剂一旦进入阴道就会开始融化。 [10]
    • 上药完成后你不必一直躺在床上。
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    用洗手液将手揉搓20秒，然后用温水冲洗干净。洗手可防止黄体酮被手指或手上其它部位的皮肤吸收。 [11]
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部分 3
部分 3 的 3:

根据指示用药

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    用药时你必须遵循医生和药剂师的指示。黄体酮栓的使用方法可能基于个人需求的不同而有所变化，所以你要按照医生的指示用药。 [12]
    • 黄体酮栓的外观呈椭圆形或子弹形。黄体酮栓通常是由药剂师配制的，如果有疑问，你可以咨询他们。
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    如果你有次忘记给药，想起来的时候就马上补上。你必须按照指示给药，一次也不能落下，但不能同时塞入两粒栓剂。 [13]
    • 如果你想起来的时候已经离下次给药的时间非常近了，那漏掉的这次就只有放弃了。
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    黄体酮栓会导致阴道潮湿，因为融化的药物会慢慢流出阴道。停止用药前，你最好穿着棉质内裤和宽松的裙子或裤子。
    • 使用黄体酮栓期间不要穿紧身裤，尼龙内裤或者紧身裤袜。这些面料不透气，很容易诱发宫颈炎症。 [14]
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    栓剂会在体内融化，慢慢渗出阴道。只要在内裤上贴卫生护垫，你就不用担心内裤被打湿了。 [15]
    • 记住每两三个小时换一次卫生护垫。保持私处干爽可防止宫颈感染。
    • 如果睡前塞入栓剂，从阴道渗出的液体会比白天四处走动的时候少一些。
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    卫生棉条会吸收黄体酮，影响药物的有效性。如果想保持私处干爽，贴上卫生巾就够了。 [16]
    • 使用黄体酮栓剂的过程中你可能会来月经。如果这种情况发生，不要选择卫生棉条，而应继续使用卫生巾。
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    干燥低温的冰箱最适合用来储存黄体酮栓剂。黄体酮栓剂容易融化，所以上述储存环境下的栓剂状态不会发生改变，能更轻松地塞入体内。 [17]
    • 有些黄体酮栓剂能在室温下存储。如果你不确定，就检查包装上的说明。
    • 不要将栓剂冷冻。 [18]
  7. 7
    与医生讨论使用黄体酮栓的风险。 虽然黄体酮栓被认为是一种安全无害的药物，但是所有药物都存在风险。医生会帮助你理解你以往的病史与使用黄体酮栓的风险有什么联系。医生可能会和你讨论下面的风险： [19]
    • 除非医生将黄体酮栓作为生育治疗方法中的一种，否则孕期不要使用黄体酮栓。
    • 黄体酮栓会增大病人患上血管阻塞、心脏病或者乳腺癌的可能性。如果你曾经患过上述疾病，或家族中存在上述病史，你患病风险会更大。
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小提示

  • 为严格按照指示用药，每天在相同的时间塞入黄体酮栓。
  • 你如果在使用黄体酮栓的过程中怀孕了，立即通知医生。除非医生有所指示，否则不要停止用药。大多数情况下，你需要连续10周使用黄体酮栓。 [20]
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警告

  • 黄体酮栓绝对不能口服。 [21]
  • 黄体酮栓会让人犯困。用药期间不要驾驶或操作重型机器。用药的最好时间是在睡前。 [22]
  • 使用黄体酮栓期间不要使用其它阴道清洁产品，因为黄体酮栓的有效性可能会降低。 [23]
  • 阴道给药器通常是一次性的。除非包装上说明可以重复使用，否则阴道给药器用过一次后就要扔掉。 [24]
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参考

  1. ↑ https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/322908.php
  2. ↑ https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/vaginitis/symptoms-causes/syc-20354707
  3. ↑ https://www.drugs.com/cdi/progesterone-vaginal-insert.html
  4. ↑ https://www.drugs.com/mtm/progesterone-vaginal.html
  5. ↑ https://www.ivf1.com/progesterone-vaginal-suppositories/
  6. ↑ https://www.mayoclinic.org/drugs-supplements/terconazole-vaginal-route/proper-use/drg-20061411
  7. ↑ https://www.mayoclinic.org/drugs-supplements/terconazole-vaginal-route/proper-use/drg-20061411
  8. ↑ https://www.mayoclinic.org/drugs-supplements/terconazole-vaginal-route/proper-use/drg-20061411
  9. ↑ https://www.mayoclinic.org/drugs-supplements/terconazole-vaginal-route/proper-use/drg-20061411
  1. ↑ https://www.mayoclinic.org/drugs-supplements/terconazole-vaginal-route/proper-use/drg-20061411
  2. ↑ https://www.drugs.com/cdi/progesterone-vaginal-insert.html
  3. ↑ https://www.uofmhealth.org/health-library/d00550t1
  4. ↑ https://www.drugs.com/cdi/progesterone-vaginal-insert.html
  5. ↑ https://www.mayoclinic.org/drugs-supplements/terconazole-vaginal-route/proper-use/drg-20061411
  6. ↑ https://www.mayoclinic.org/drugs-supplements/terconazole-vaginal-route/proper-use/drg-20061411
  7. ↑ https://www.mayoclinic.org/drugs-supplements/terconazole-vaginal-route/proper-use/drg-20061411
  8. ↑ https://www.drugs.com/mtm/progesterone-vaginal.html
  9. ↑ https://www.mayoclinic.org/drugs-supplements/terconazole-vaginal-route/proper-use/drg-20061411
  10. ↑ https://www.uofmhealth.org/health-library/d00550t1
  11. ↑ https://myhealth.alberta.ca/Health/medications/Pages/conditions.aspx?hwid=fdb0975
  12. ↑ https://myhealth.alberta.ca/Health/medications/Pages/conditions.aspx?hwid=fdb0975
  13. ↑ https://www.drugs.com/mtm/progesterone-vaginal.html
  14. ↑ https://www.drugs.com/cdi/progesterone-vaginal-insert.html
  15. ↑ https://www.drugs.com/cdi/progesterone-vaginal-insert.html

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