如何识别白血病症状

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白血病又称血癌，受影响的是负责对抗感染和疾病的白血球。患者体内不正常的白血球细胞剧增，导致骨髓无法制造健康细胞，引发严重问题。有些体征和症状不需要医生检查，你也可以自己观察，趁早发现就能及早治疗。

方法 1
方法 1 的 2:

识别常见症状

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  1. 1
    留意类似流感的症状。 流感症状久久不愈？这一点值得关注。常发冷、盗汗、发烧、肌肉酸痛和疼痛都可能是白血病的体征。
    • 许多疾病都会出现流感样症状，不一定指向白血病。
    • 如果过几天症状消退，你恢复健康，很可能只是普通流感而已。
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    慢性疲劳是白血病的早期症状。由于疲劳是常见现象，所以这个症状很容易被忽略。患者可能还会感到严重虚弱无力。 [1]
    • 慢性疲劳和纯粹感觉累了不同。难以起床？无力完成日常活动？无法保持清醒地去上班或上学？这很可能是慢性疲劳。
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    体重无缘无故下降也是白血病的常见症状。它并不明显，单独来看不一定指向癌症。如果你没有改变平时的饮食和运动习惯，体重却下降了，必须去看医生，查出原因。 [2]
    • 体重在一段时间内上下波动是很正常的。自己什么也没做，体重却缓慢而持续地下降，才是值得注意的状况。
    • 体重下降可能伴随着虚弱无力，你并不会变得越来越健康。
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    白血病患者很容易出现瘀伤和出血。轻微碰撞也会出现淤血？伤口非常小，却流了很多血？你可能患上白血病。 [3]
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    它们看起来和运动后出现的小红点或粉刺不同。如果皮肤出现原本并没有的小红点，请立刻看医生。 [4]
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    白血病使健康的白血球减少，所以患者更容易受感染。皮肤、喉咙、耳朵等部位经常受感染？这很可能意味着你的身体很难抵御感染。 [5]
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    如果骨头疼痛，而你找不到其它原因，最好检查自己是否患上白血病。大量白血病细胞堆积于骨髓，造成骨髓膨胀，骨膜受到牵引，或白血病细胞堆积在关节底下，直接侵犯骨头，就会引起疼痛。
方法 2
方法 2 的 2:

接受白血病检测

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    医生会检查淋巴结是否肿大。这是白血病的常见症状，如果你的淋巴结肿起来，医生会做进一步检查。
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    如果你患上白血病，这些器官会肿大。医生会摸一摸这些器官，确认它们是否肿起来。
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    你应该验血，确认体内红血球、白血球和血小板的数量。
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    在这个检查中，医生将一支骨穿针刺入骨头，抽取骨髓化验，看看是否有白血病迹象。如果你出现其它白血病症状，医生就会进行这项检查。
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    更广泛的检查可能涉及X射线或脊椎穿刺，以检查器官是否肿胀，脑脊液是否有不正常的白血球。医生会进行特殊检查，进一步确认白血病种类。常见的白血病有：
    • 成人：慢性淋巴细胞性白血病、急性髓细胞性白血病。
    • 小孩：急性髓细胞性白血病和其它骨髓性白血病，例如慢性骨髓性白血病。

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参考

  1. ↑ http://www.mayoclinic.com/health/leukemia/DS00351/DSECTION=symptoms
  2. ↑ http://www.mayoclinic.com/health/leukemia/DS00351/DSECTION=symptoms
  3. ↑ http://www.webmd.com/cancer/tc/leukemia-topic-overview
  4. ↑ http://www.mayoclinic.com/health/leukemia/DS00351/DSECTION=symptoms
  5. ↑ http://www.mayoclinic.com/health/leukemia/DS00351/DSECTION=symptoms
  6. http://www.allhealthsite.com/leukemia-symptoms.html
  7. http://www.medicinenet.com/leukemia/page5.htm#4whatare
  8. http://www.mayoclinic.com/health/leukemia/DS00351/DSECTION=symptoms
  9. http://www.bettermedicine.com/topic/leukemia/symptoms-and-causes

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