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Restore old, grimy coins so they shine like new
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- Vinegar & Salt |
- Ketchup |
- Coca-Cola |
- Scouring Powder |
- Eraser |
- Dish Soap & Water |
- Video |
- Expert Interview |
- Q&A |
- Tips |
- Warnings
If you collect coins or just want to play a round of penny ante , it’s nice to have a shiny stack of pennies at the ready! In this article, we’ll show you the best, safest, fastest ways to clean both copper pennies (pre-1982) and zinc pennies (post-1982) using common household cleaners like vinegar, baking soda, and even Coca-Cola!
Note: If you suspect your penny has any possible value, do not clean it unless an appraiser recommends it. You may risk damaging it or lowering its value otherwise.
Things You Should Know
- Soak copper pennies in a mixture of white vinegar and salt for 10-15 minutes, then rinse. Alternatively, use ketchup for 5 minutes of Coke for 4-5 hours.
- Or, rub copper or zinc pennies with an eraser or a baking soda paste to remove grime and restore shine.
- Do not use acidic cleaners like vinegar on pennies from 1982 or after. These are mostly zinc instead of copper any may blacken when exposed to acid.
Steps
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Mix 1 tsp (5 g) of salt and ¼ cup (59 mL) of white vinegar in a non-metal bowl. Stir the mixture to completely dissolve all of the salt. [1] X Research source If you don’t have measuring cups on hand, just make sure to use enough vinegar to submerge all of the pennies you want to clean and dissolve as much salt as the vinegar can hold.
- If you plan to clean pennies with vinegar in bulk, use a bowl or container big enough to fit all of the pennies in a mostly flat, single layer.
- If you don't have vinegar, use lemon juice as an alternative. Copper oxide (the gunk on your pennies) dissolves in weak acids (like the acetic acid in vinegar or the citric acid in lemon juice). Even orange juice can be an effective penny cleaner!
- Warning: Do not use this method on pennies minted in or after 1982 that have scratches on them. Newer pennies are made of zinc coated in copper. [2] X Research source Exposure to acid may cause the zinc to blacken.
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Place your pennies in the vinegar or lemon juice for 10-15 minutes. Make sure they are not directly on top of each other so that the vinegar comes into contact with the entire surface of each coin. If they're extra dirty or if you're cleaning a lot of pennies at once, give them a few extra minutes for good measure. [3] X Research source
- For especially grimy pennies, scrub them with a soft scrubber or toothbrush about halfway through their soak, then return them to the vinegar mixture.
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Take the pennies out and rinse them under running water. Make sure each coin gets thoroughly rinsed to remove all of the vinegar and salt, then lay them all out on a clean cloth or paper towel to dry. Let them air dry for about 5 minutes or so—they should be sparkling like new! [4] X Research source- If you don't rinse the pennies, a blue-green sheen will develop on them. This is the result of a chemical reaction—after the vinegar dissolves the layer of copper oxide, the copper atoms in the penny react with oxygen in the water and chlorine in the salt to form a new substance called malachite. [5] X Research source
- For a fun science experiment, only rinse half of your pennies before letting them dry. Then, compare the colors and shininess that forms between the rinsed and unrinsed coins.
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Put enough ketchup in a small cup to completely cover your pennies. Any brand of ketchup will do, but the more acidic it is, the more effective it will be at cleaning your coins. Take a look at the ingredients list—ketchups with high concentrations of vinegar or citric acid will work better than those with only tomato puree (tomatoes contain less acid than vinegar or citrus fruits). [6] X Research source
- Keep in mind that you may be able to smell the ketchup on the penny when you are finished.
- Alternatively, try using tabasco sauce or hot sauce. Know that these might leave a slight orange tint on the penny (to fix this, rub the penny with a paste of baking soda and water, then rinse).
- Warning: Do not use this method on pennies minted in or after 1982 that have scratches on them. Newer pennies are made of zinc coated in copper. [7] X Research source Exposure to acid may cause the zinc to blacken.
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Submerge your pennies in the ketchup for about 5 minutes. Drop the penny in and swirl the cup carefully to completely cover it in ketchup. If the penny is extra dirty, give it a few extra minutes (the longer the penny is exposed to the acid, the cleaner it will become). [8] X Research source
- If you have an old toothbrush handy, scrub the penny to work the ketchup into the little ridges part way through the soaking time.
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Rinse the penny clean with running water. Keep the penny in the cup and swirl in water from a faucet to rinse the ketchup away (just make sure not to slosh your penny out of the cup and lose it on accident). Keep flushing out the cup until all of the ketchup is gone. You’ll be left with a clean penny! [9] X Research source
- If the pennies are clean but not shiny, mix a paste of baking soda and water and rub it into the pennies with your thumb or a brush. Then, rinse away the paste to reveal shiny copper.
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Lay your pennies in a single layer in a dish and cover them in Coca-Cola. Make sure no pennies are sitting on top of each other so that the soda can cover as much surface area as possible. Then, pour just enough Coke to cover all of the pennies completely (and feel free to enjoy the rest!). If you don’t have name-brand Coke on hand, use any dark soda as a substitute. [10] X Research source
- Dark sodas, like Coke or Pepsi, contain phosphoric acid that can break down the oxidized copper on the surface of pennies, revealing the pure copper underneath.
- Dark soda is a surprisingly versatile cleaning liquid. You can even clean your toilet with Coke !
- Warning: Do not use this method on pennies minted in or after 1982 that have scratches on them. Newer pennies are made of zinc coated in copper. [11] X Research source Exposure to acid may cause the zinc to blacken.
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Let the pennies sit for about 4-5 hours or overnight. For the best results, flip the pennies over halfway through the process so the Coke can clean both sides equally. While this method works well, the downside is that it takes much longer than using cleaners like vinegar or ketchup. [12] X Research source
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Take the pennies out and rinse them clean with running water. If they’re not quite clean and shiny yet, submerge them in some fresh soda for another couple of hours for a deeper clean. Do not drink the soda that you used to clean the pennies with—it now contains some residual copper that can make you sick if you consume it. [13] X Research source
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Purchase a scouring powder like Bar Keepers Friend or Bon Ami . These cleaning solutions work on all copper quickly, including pennies and copper-bottom cookware. If you don't have or can’t find these items, use baking soda as a less harsh alternative. [14] X Research source
- Scouring powders and baking soda are great for restoring the shine and bright orange-y copper color to your pennies.
- This method is best for cleaning small amounts of pennies since you’ll have to tend to each coin individually.
- Warning: Test this method on a valueless penny first, especially if it’s minted in or after 1982 and contains zinc. Baking soda is typically harmless on zinc, but harsher powders may discolor the coin.
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Make a paste with your powder in a small container. Pour about ¼ cup (68 g) of your scouring powder or baking soda into a bowl, then add water 1 tablespoon (15 mL) at a time until the mixture forms a thick paste. [15] X Research source
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Wet your penny and rub the paste into it with your thumb and index finger. Get both sides of the coin wet, then gently rub your scouring powder or baking soda paste into the coin for 30-60 seconds. Wear cleaning gloves to protect your skin from the chemicals (and from the abrasion of rubbing pennies if you’re cleaning multiple coins this way). [16] X Research source
- Alternatively, use an old, soft toothbrush in place of your fingers.
- Rubbing the penny for longer than 60 seconds will not make it cleaner. If you’re using Bon Ami or Bar Keepers Friend, it may also risk staining or damaging the coin.
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Rinse the penny clean and dry it with a microfiber cloth . After rubbing the coin, run it under the faucet to remove the remaining paste. For the best shine, wipe the penny dry with a clean microfiber or polishing cloth. Your pennies should now be shiny as new! [17] X Research source
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Grab a dirty penny and an eraser. Any eraser will work—use a block eraser, the eraser-end of a pencil, or even an electric eraser !
- This method is safe on any penny from any year.
- After 1982, copper became too expensive to justify using on a coin only worth 1 cent. Therefore, zinc (a much cheaper metal) started being used. Modern pennies are now 97.6% zinc and coated in a thin layer of copper. [18] X Research source
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Rub the penny with the eraser until it shines. This method uses friction to remove oxide marks and grime. Just erase the penny the same way you would erase a pencil mark on a piece of paper! [19] X Research source
- If you’re handy or have many pennies to clean, some recommend attaching a pencil with an eraser to a drill and have it do the work for you.
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Flip the penny and erase the other side. Usually, it takes only about 10 seconds of erasing per side to make the penny look clean. The only downside to this is at the end, your hand may be tired, and you may be out a pencil or two! Other than that, this is a quick and easy path to shiny riches.
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Let the pennies soak in the soapy water for several hours or overnight. If the coins are exceptionally dirty or grimy, use your fingers or a soft, fine brush to gently rub away loosened dirt and debris part way through the soaking time.
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Rinse the pennies clean under running water. Make sure to rinse both sides of all your pennies to remove any remaining soap residue. If they’re clean but not very shiny, rub them with a baking soda paste and rinse them under clean water to restore their coppery shimmer.
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Community Q&A
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QuestionWill soap clean pennies?Community AnswerYes it will remove most dirt and oils. A good first step in cleaning.
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QuestionHow can I clean pennies with baking soda?Community AnswerCombine it with apple cider and scrub it clean. An old toothbrush works great.
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QuestionHow fast does the lemon juice react?Community AnswerIt takes about 5 minutes for lemon juice to react to the penny.
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Tips
- Take your penny to an appraiser before cleaning it if you think you have a valuable coin . Most valuable pennies are from 1972 or earlier and contain errors, feature a limited-release design, or were made from a different metal (like the 1943 steel pennies). [21] X Research sourceThanks
- Try cleaning your quarters, dimes, nickels, and other coins using these techniques.Thanks
Tips from our Readers
The advice in this section is based on the lived experiences of wikiHow readers like you. If you have a helpful tip you’d like to share on wikiHow, please submit it in the field below.
- Avoid harsh chemicals! Strong cleaners can damage the coin’s surface, especially for zinc pennies.
- After cleaning, dry the pennies completely to prevent corrosion and tarnish.
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Warnings
- Do not mix coins to avoid accidental discoloration (for example, only clean pennies with other pennies, or nickels with other nickels).Thanks
- Do not clean any collectable or valuable coins, or you may end up damaging or devaluing them.Thanks
- Vinegar and other acids dissolve zinc. If your pennies are scratched and newer than 1982, they may end hollowed out, blackened, or otherwise damaged. [22] X Research sourceThanks
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Expert Interview
Thanks for reading our article! If you’d like to learn more about coins, check out our in-depth interview with Grettel Monge .
References
- ↑ http://www.exploratorium.edu/science_explorer/copper_caper.html
- ↑ https://goodcollector.com/articles/how-to-clean-zinc-pennies/
- ↑ https://www.metrofamilymagazine.com/simple-science-experiment-clean-a-penny/
- ↑ https://www.metrofamilymagazine.com/simple-science-experiment-clean-a-penny/
- ↑ https://www.exploratorium.edu/explore/science/activity/copper-caper
- ↑ https://www.scientificamerican.com/article/shine-bright-like-a-penny/
- ↑ https://goodcollector.com/articles/how-to-clean-zinc-pennies/
- ↑ https://www.scientificamerican.com/article/shine-bright-like-a-penny/
- ↑ https://www.scientificamerican.com/article/shine-bright-like-a-penny/
- ↑ https://sciencewithkids.com/Experiments/Chemistry-experiments/penny-cola-cleaner-experiment.html
- ↑ https://goodcollector.com/articles/how-to-clean-zinc-pennies/
- ↑ https://sciencewithkids.com/Experiments/Chemistry-experiments/penny-cola-cleaner-experiment.html
- ↑ https://sciencewithkids.com/Experiments/Chemistry-experiments/penny-cola-cleaner-experiment.html
- ↑ https://www.vipartfair.com/how-to-clean-a-penny-without-damaging-it/
- ↑ https://www.scientificamerican.com/article/shine-bright-like-a-penny/
- ↑ https://www.scientificamerican.com/article/shine-bright-like-a-penny/
- ↑ https://www.vipartfair.com/how-to-clean-a-penny-without-damaging-it/
- ↑ https://goodcollector.com/articles/how-to-clean-zinc-pennies/
- ↑ https://www.mrbondscienceguy.com/science-blog/2018/2/21/cleaning-pennies
- ↑ https://www.discoverdetecting.com/how-to-clean-wheat-pennies/
- ↑ https://www.gainesvillecoins.com/blog/10-most-valuable-pennies
- ↑ https://sciencing.com/use-salt-make-penny-disappear-8183059.html
About This Article
Article Summary
X
To make pennies shiny again, fill a small glass bowl with ¼ cup (60 mL) of white vinegar If you don’t have any vinegar, you can use lemon juice instead. Then, stir in 1 teaspoon (6 g) of salt. Pour your pennies into the bowl and stir them gently with a spoon. Let the pennies soak for 10 minutes. Next, hold a strainer over your sink and pour the pennies into it to drain the vinegar and salt. Give the pennies a good rinse, dry them in a towel, and they should be shining like new. Keep in mind, if you have a rare or antique penny, cleaning it may destroy its value, so look the penny up online if you suspect it’s worth something! If you want to learn how to use a commercial metal cleaner, keep reading the article!
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- "Very cool from the "Surprise me" feature! I didn't know you can clean pennies with ketchup (or that it was vinegar, salt and tomatoes) or with coca-cola." ..." more
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"Very cool from the "Surprise me" feature! I didn't know you can clean pennies with ketchup (or that it was vinegar, salt and tomatoes) or with coca-cola."
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"It was very useful for my science project. I hope that it helps others as well. Thank you for the article."
"The vinegar and salt worked real well, fast too. You could see the penny change before your eyes."
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