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Q&A for How to Preserve a Skull
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QuestionI think I have some kind of bug living in my (supposedly) dried skull. I see a lot of bone dust and shed exoskeletons beneath my steer skull. How do I stop the infestation?LilyCommunity AnswerSoak your skull in water for several days. If you're worried about germs or other bugs living in your skull, a dip in a peroxide bath will sanitize and kill bugs.
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QuestionHow many specific coats of polyurethane should you spray on the skull?Community AnswerStart with 2 coats. Make sure the entire skull is covered.
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QuestionCan I do this with a full animal skeleton, such as a full squirrel?QueerDeerCommunity AnswerYes, of course! Pretty much every corpse can be macerated and cleaned up in this way. Just be careful, as the smaller the animal, the smaller the bones. Also, make sure to skin it or pluck out as much hair as you can, as it doesn't degrade at all during the process.
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QuestionDo I have to bleach the skull after maceration? I don't need to have it white so can I just leave it as is?QueerDeerCommunity AnswerBleach isn't needed, but hydrogen peroxide will help clean up any flesh that didn't rot off at all in the process! If you must skip this step though, I always soak my bones in bio powder (laundry soap) anyway, and it gets rid of any germs and smell.
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QuestionMy daughter would like to preserve a small bird skull, does anyone have experience with this? I was thinking to let the ants work on it by putting it in a chicken wire enclosure of some sort.QueerDeerCommunity AnswerI have both a wren and robin skull, and I just left them in a box and let flies lay, allowing maggots to clean them both up for the most part. Afterwards, I just soaked them in water and cleaned them up by hand, but that was before finding out about hydrogen peroxide. I'd imagine the ant thing would work, and once enough flesh has been stripped off it, just wrap the beak and keep it up out of the mixture to make sure the keratin doesn't get ruined.
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QuestionWhere do I buy hydrogen peroxide?Community AnswerCheck pool supply stores or health food stores. More often than not they'll have the kind you're looking for.
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QuestionCan I do this with a bird skull?Community AnswerYes, although it may be more fragile than a larger animal's skull. Start with the cold maceration as it is less likely to chip or break the bones.
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QuestionI found a roe deer skull with a bit of dirt and fur on it. Which steps do I use?Community AnswerAll of them. Make sure you remove the fur and any other organic matter attached to the skull before bleaching it.
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QuestionI have found a goat's skull and it's been left out to dry; the brain is still attached but very dry - how would I clean it up and remove all the matter that's inside the skull?Community AnswerSoak it in a 5 gallon bucket of water with Oxyclean and Dawn dish soap for about 3 or more months, the longer the better. Kind of a "set it and forget it" method. The dried brain will fall off leaving the bone fairly clean. Spray off with a hose or pressure washer.
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QuestionCould I do this with a small chipmunk skull?Community AnswerYes, although it may be more fragile than a larger animal's skull. Start with the cold maceration as it is less likely to chip or break the bones.
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QuestionWhat should I do with the skull?Community AnswerYou could mount it on a piece of wood, paint it, or display it as-is.
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QuestionI used a wire to hold the nose in place on my deer skull while soaking, and it left a light brown mark/. How do I remove it?Community AnswerUse cotton pads dipped in some detergent. Tape them to the mark to loosen up the imprint and maybe leave it attached overnight. Then wipe clean with a bristle tool to finish it up.
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QuestionThe head of a deer was very damaged and the skin was falling off when I found it, will this affect the skull?QueerDeerCommunity AnswerAs long as the bone isn't damaged, it should be perfectly fine to go ahead and macerate! Flesh just rots, I've macerated many rotten corpses. If you have most of a skull, you should at least give it a shot.
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QuestionI have a load of sheep vertebrae that I gave a 3% hydrogen peroxide soak to (50/50 with water) for 4 days, they came out whiter, but I can't get rid of the smell. What can I do?QueerDeerCommunity AnswerI always soak all of my bones in bio powder (laundry soap)! You can just buy a cheap, natural powder in bulk and add some to warm water, letting the bones sit in it for a good day or more. It completely cures the smell!
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QuestionCan I use something other than hydrogen peroxide?LilyCommunity AnswerHydrogen peroxide is the only thing that will sanitize and whiten the bone without hurting it. Never use bleach as it will make the bone brittle.
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QuestionDoes it matter if there are still vertebrae attached to a skull?Community AnswerNo.
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QuestionI found a reindeer skull with part of the antlers still attached. How do I soak it without removing the antlers?QueerDeerCommunity AnswerIf you're careful enough with it, you can just wrap and tape up the base of the antlers with some plastic wrap and just have them sit out of the mixture, leaving the skull to soak.
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QuestionHow long do I soak it in water and peroxide?Community AnswerIt depends on what % peroxide you use. The stronger the peroxide, the shorter the time. I use a 50/50 mix of 29% tech grade peroxide and water. Get it boiling, dip the skull. and leave it in for 10 minutes, then pull it out and pressure wash/rinse. If you use 3% store bought stuff and don't boil, it takes a lot longer.
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QuestionHow can get rid of the smell after cleaning with warm, soapy water?QueerDeerCommunity AnswerI'd soak it in the hydrogen peroxide mixture to get rid of any flesh, but afterward, I always soak my bones in a bit of a bio power (laundry soak) mixture to completely clean them. After you let them soak for a day or more, it completely gets rid of the smell.
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QuestionWhere can I find dead animals to do this? I can't find roadkill or anything else anywhere. Any ideas?LilyCommunity AnswerRoadkill is the primary source for many people. You can also visit butcher shops or partner up with hunters. Look into your local community to see if any of these opportunities are there. Never kill an animal.
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QuestionWhat should I do if all the grease from the deer head doesn't come out and leaves a stain?Community AnswerTry putting it in a bath of water and dish soap for anywhere from a few days to a few weeks. The grease should work its way out and float right to the top for you to scoop out! It might not work with deeper grease stains, but it should at least help.
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QuestionCan the skull be stored outside?Community AnswerDon't store it outside while it still has flesh attached to it. It may attract animals and bugs. However, you can keep it outside to dry after it's been bleached.
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QuestionI found this mummified cat outside and I plan on selling it. I need to sanitize it beforehand, but I want to keep the skin on its body. Any tips?Community AnswerJust try salt curing it. The fur may not stay on it it's an older corpse, as hair always falls out, but salt curing would completely dry it out and preserve the body further. For instructions, check out Perform Salt Cure Taxidermy .
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QuestionI have a dry lion skull that I want to preserve. Can I use calcium carbonate?Community AnswerMix 35% peroxide with calcium carbonate and apply the paste to the skull. It will bleach up nice and white!
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QuestionI have a cow with horns. Any different steps needed to keep the horns attached to the skull?Community AnswerHorns are attached to the skull, so no extra steps are needed. If they do for some reason fall off, just super glue them back on.
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QuestionIs there anything else I can use to whiten the skull besides peroxide?Community AnswerI've heard that using bleach powder works well and is less harsh than bleach, but I still wouldn't trust it. Peroxide is your best bet.
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QuestionI bought a steer head that isn't bleached, I like the natural look of it unbleached and want to know if I can spray it as is with polyurethane to preserve it?Community AnswerYes, you can.
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QuestionHow do I attach the lower and upper jaw?Community AnswerA lot of people just glue the jaw on, but that leaves it immobile. I usually strategically place a rubber band to make the jaw open and close like a spring.
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QuestionHow do I remove the head from the rest of the body?Community AnswerUse a sharp knife to cut through any flesh, then cut between two vertebrae.
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