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Irises are reliable perennial plants that deliver beautiful flowers year after year. They favor sun but will tolerate some shade and generally require little attention. Iris grows in zones 3 through 10, which means that they can survive through cold winters that get down to -35 degrees Fahrenheit (-37.2 degrees Celsius). [1] X Research source ‘Deadheading’ means removing the spent or withered flower heads from a flowering plant after the blooms are past their best. Deadheading prevents the plant from making seeds after the bloom has faded.
Steps
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Use your fingers or scissors to deadhead your Iris. Try to remove the flowers just as they begin to wilt or fade as doing this prevents them from growing seed pods. To deadhead an Iris bloom, either use your fingers or take a clean sharp pair of scissors and snip or pinch off the single bloom just behind the flowerhead. [2] X Trustworthy Source Royal Horticultural Society Leading gardening charity in the U.K. providing resources for identifying, growing and caring for flowers and other plants Go to source
- It’s important to remove not only the shriveled petals but also the green swollen sheath it emerges from, as this is the part that will eventually develop into a seedhead.
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Avoid cutting blooms that have not opened yet. Try to avoid accidentally removing any remaining flowers as there may be other blooms on the stem yet to open. [3] X Research source
- Try to get into the habit of checking you plant twice a week or so during the flowering season. Some varieties of Iris (such as African Iris) have blooms which last only for one day but the plant will quickly grow new ones.
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Remove the stems after any possibility of flowering is over. Some Iris varieties (such as the bearded Iris) will often flower twice, once in early summer and once in late summer. Once all the blooms on a flower stem are gone and you don’t expect any more, you can then remove the flower stem from the plant. Removing the flower stem helps prevent rot. To do this: [4] X Research source
- Take a sharp blade such as a pair of garden sheers. The stem will be quite woody in many iris varieties.
- Snip the stem off at the base near the ground about an inch above the rhizome. This stem can then be composted. [5] X Research source Clark Hill. Plant Specialist & VP of Operations, Platt Hill Nursery.
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Leave the foliage on your plant. It’s very important to leave the foliage on the plant after the flowering ends, so don’t be tempted to cut the plant back just yet. The Iris will use the foliage to draw energy into its roots to help it survive the winter. Leave the foliage on the plant until it withers away of its own accord. [6] X Research source
- It’s okay to trim off any brown tips but leave as much healthy green growth as possible. [7] X Research source Clark Hill. Plant Specialist & VP of Operations, Platt Hill Nursery.
- In the fall, once the foliage is withering away, you can cut back the foliage to about 6 inches (15.2 cm) from the ground.
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Know that seed production may keep your plant from producing more flowers. Seed production takes your plant's energies away from flower production, so removing the dead flowers at their swollen base prevents seeds from being formed at that site. The plant then often goes on to produce more blooms than it would otherwise have done. [8] X Trustworthy Source Royal Horticultural Society Leading gardening charity in the U.K. providing resources for identifying, growing and caring for flowers and other plants Go to source
- In the case of some varieties of Iris, you may get a second flush of blooms if you deadhead your plants.
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Keep your flower’s appearance in mind. Deadheading also improves the plant’s appearance so that ongoing flower production can be enjoyed. Removing withered brown flowers also improves the plant’s appearance even if it doesn’t produce further flowers. [9] X Trustworthy Source Royal Horticultural Society Leading gardening charity in the U.K. providing resources for identifying, growing and caring for flowers and other plants Go to source
- This is especially true of Iris plants, as the dead flowers turn brown very quickly and detract from other flowers.
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Understand that seed production can lead to more irises growing in your garden. Some plants need to be deadheaded to prevent the plant from self-seeding throughout your garden. Plants such as poppy and ox eye daisy tend to spread themselves by seeding the surrounding area of ground and this may become a nuisance. [10] X Trustworthy Source Royal Horticultural Society Leading gardening charity in the U.K. providing resources for identifying, growing and caring for flowers and other plants Go to source
- Some Iris varieties such as the African Iris (Dietes bicolor) are likely to self seed in your garden. Deadheading these and other plants will stop this from happening and contain the spread of plants in your garden.
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Consider keeping attractive seed heads if you don't want to deadhead your plants. Some Irises have attractive seedheads so you may wish to avoid deadheading in order to enjoy the seedhead display once the flowers are finished. [11] X Research source
- These varieties include Stinking iris (Iris foetidissima) and Blackberry lily (Belamcanda), both of which produce attractive visible seeds after flowering.
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Feed your Iris. Irises will benefit from a feed in the early spring. Try to use a fertilizer that is relatively low in nitrogen relative to potash (potassium) and phosphorus. [12] X Research source
- High nitrogen fertilizers are thought to promote rot in Iris rhizomes. [13] X Research source Clark Hill. Plant Specialist & VP of Operations, Platt Hill Nursery.
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Steer clear of putting mulch directly on your plant’s rhizome. Avoid mulching on top of your Irises’ rhizomes to avoid rot. A rhizome is a horizontal stem that grows out from the center of the plant. You can put a shallow mulch that is roughly two inches in depth around the plant, but you should make sure that the mulch doesn’t cover the rhizomes and the center of the plant. [14] X Research source
- Avoid using manure, even at planting time.
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Consider dividing your rhizome. It can take quite a while to germinate Iris seed so you may have better results and faster ones by dividing the rhizome. Dividing the rhizome every few years also helps maintain the plant’s performance. [15] X Research source Clark Hill. Plant Specialist & VP of Operations, Platt Hill Nursery. [16] X Research source
- This should be done about 6 weeks after flowering. It’s fine to deadhead your Iris plant thoroughly if you are planning to divide it.
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Give your Iris the water it needs. Irises don’t tend to need a lot of watering but you may like to water your plants occasionally during dry weather. Try to give your plant a good amount of water once a week rather than giving the plant a small amount of water more frequently. [17] X Research source
- Avoid over-watering as this makes the rhizome prone to rot.
- It’s especially important to water over the summer if you have a variety that will rebloom the same year. Varieties that only flower in the spring don’t need as much summer attention.
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Collect seeds from your Iris if you don't deadhead your plants. If you want to get seeds from your Iris, limit your deadheading and let at least one flowerhead remain after flowering so that the seedhead develops there. [18] X Research source
- Bear in mind the resulting plants will vary in appearance and won’t necessarily be like the parent plant.
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Help your seeds to grow. Growing Iris from seed usually involves soaking them for at least 2 days beforehand. Many gardeners pre-chill the seeds by storing them in the fridge beforehand.
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Community Q&A
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QuestionI have several large clumps of old irises I would like to divide. They are no longer blooming, but leaves are still green. When is best time and way to divide?Community AnswerAugust is the best time. Lift clumps from the ground and divide. You should find you can ease them apart. The hardest part is replanting, as you have to make sure the roots are firmly in the ground but the rhizomes are exposed.
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QuestionThis is the first year my iris has bloomed. The blooms have withered, and seed pods have appeared. Is it too late to deadhead the iris?Community AnswerNo. Just chop them off. In the future, do it before they develop as the plant has wasted energy producing them.
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References
- ↑ http://planthardiness.ars.usda.gov/PHZMWeb/
- ↑ https://www.rhs.org.uk/advice/profile?PID=129
- ↑ https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dQYwfey8wVQ
- ↑ https://irisofsissinghurst.com/iris-care-throughout-the-year/
- ↑ Clark Hill. Plant Specialist & VP of Operations, Platt Hill Nursery.
- ↑ http://www.almanac.com/plant/irises
- ↑ Clark Hill. Plant Specialist & VP of Operations, Platt Hill Nursery.
- ↑ https://www.rhs.org.uk/advice/profile?PID=129
- ↑ https://www.rhs.org.uk/advice/profile?PID=129
- ↑ https://www.rhs.org.uk/advice/profile?PID=129
- ↑ https://www.bhg.com/gardening/yard/garden-care/deadheading-flowers-for-extended-bloom/
- ↑ https://irisofsissinghurst.com/iris-care-throughout-the-year/
- ↑ Clark Hill. Plant Specialist & VP of Operations, Platt Hill Nursery.
- ↑ http://www.almanac.com/plant/irises
- ↑ Clark Hill. Plant Specialist & VP of Operations, Platt Hill Nursery.
- ↑ https://irisofsissinghurst.com/iris-care-throughout-the-year/
- ↑ https://irisofsissinghurst.com/iris-care-throughout-the-year/
- ↑ https://irisofsissinghurst.com/iris-care-throughout-the-year/
About This Article
Article Summary
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To deadhead an Iris, start by finding a bloom that is just beginning to wilt and fade, since removing these will prevent the plant from using energy to grow a seedpod and result in more flowers. Then, use your fingers to pinch off the bloom right below the flowerhead. You can also use a sharp pair of scissors to remove the flower after it wilts. Once all the blooms on a stem are gone, use garden shears to cut the woody stem near the base of the plant to prevent rot. For tips on how to feed your Iris with fertilizer to encourage more blooms, read on!
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"I viewed the article to learn how to care for my irises. Not only was the article clear with understandable instructions and pictures, I learned why and when it should be done. Great bonus!"
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"The article and its images helped give me confidence when deadheading my iris. It also gave excellent advice on dividing rhizomes. Thank you."
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"I didn't know that by deadheading my iris, so many more flowers would come. Now I know and what a joy to have them longer."
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