如何治疗穿耳洞后皮肤感染

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穿耳洞是彰显自我的好方法，但有时候会引起不良的副作用，比如皮肤感染。如果你觉得耳朵出现了感染，应该就医检查。在家也要保持耳洞干净，让它尽快康复。耳洞打在耳朵软骨上尤其容易引发严重感染，留下难看的疤痕。在这种情况下，如果你怀疑自己耳朵受感染了，一定要立即就医。 [1] 在耳洞愈合期间，不要再弄伤或刺激患处。耳朵应该会在几周内恢复正常。

部分 1
部分 1 的 3:

就医治疗

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    耳朵感染不加以治疗，会引起严重的并发症。如果耳朵疼痛、发红或流脓，一定要去看医生。 [2]
    • 受感染的耳洞可能会发红或肿胀，感觉疼痛、抽痛或摸起来很烫。
    • 穿洞处流出来的脓或任何分泌物都必须让医生检查。脓可能呈黄色或白色。
    • 如果你 发烧 ，要立即去看医生。这是很严重的感染症状。
    • 感染通常在穿洞后2-4周内发生，也有人在穿洞多年后才受感染。 [3]
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    这可能会影响伤口痊愈，或导致脓肿形成。就医检查之前，不要取下耳饰。 [4]
    • 不要触碰、扭转或把玩还在耳洞里的耳环。
    • 医生会告诉你是否可以继续戴耳饰。如果医生认为应该取下来，他们会亲自动手。在得到医生的同意之前，不要擅自戴回耳饰。
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    医生可能会给你开处方级药膏，或是推荐你购买非处方药膏。根据医生指示，将药膏抹在患处。 [5]
    • 可以使用的非处方软膏或药膏包括Neosporin、bacitracin或Polysporin。
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    如果你发烧或是感染情况很严重，医生可能会开口服抗生素。根据医生指示用药。即使感染好转了，也必须服完所有抗生素。 [6]
    • 如果打在软骨上的耳洞受感染，通常都需要吃药。
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    伤口处有大量脓液聚集就会形成脓肿。如果伤口处有脓肿，医生会给你引流。这是一项门诊手术，在就医检查的当天就能马上进行。 [7]
    • 医生可能会在耳朵进行局部热敷，帮助排出脓液，或是将脓肿切开引流。
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    耳洞打在软骨比打在耳垂上更危险。如果软骨上的耳洞受感染，一定要尽快就医。要是感染很严重，可能需要做手术切除软骨。 [8]
    • 软骨就在耳垂上方，是外耳上部较厚的组织。
部分 2
部分 2 的 3:

在家治疗

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    手上的细菌或污垢可能会转移到耳朵，进一步加重感染。清洁或治疗患处之前，先用温水和抗菌肥皂把手洗干净。 [9]
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    用抗菌肥皂或盐水打湿棉签的尖端，轻轻地擦去流出来的液体或脓。不要弄掉任何硬皮或痂，它们对伤口愈合有帮助。 [10] .
    • 把患处清理干净后丢掉棉签。如果两侧耳朵都受感染，要用不同的棉签清理它们。
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    将半茶匙（3克）盐拌入240毫升温水中。用消过毒的棉球或纱布蘸取盐水，轻轻地擦拭穿洞处的正面和背面。每天重复两次，保持患处干净。
    • 用盐水清洁患处时，可能会感到有些刺痛。不过，痛感应该不会太强烈。如果非常痛，建议去看医生。
    • 不要用外用酒精或含有酒精的溶液清洁患处。它们会刺激患处，延迟伤口愈合。 [11]
    • 之后用纸巾或棉签轻轻拍干患处。不要用毛巾，它可能会刺痛耳朵。
    • 如果两侧耳朵都受感染，要用不同的棉签或纱布清洁它们。
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    将面巾浸在温水或温盐水中，然后在耳朵上敷3-4分钟。一整天有必要时可以重复，以缓解疼痛。 [12]
    • 之后用纸巾轻轻拍干耳朵。
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    布洛芬（motrin或advil）或扑热息痛（泰诺），都能暂时减轻疼痛。根据标签上的指示用药。 [13]
部分 3
部分 3 的 3:

保护耳朵

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    除了清洁伤口或取出耳饰，其它时候都不能触碰耳朵，也不要让衣服或设备离受感染的耳朵太近。 [14]
    • 在感染痊愈之前，避免戴耳机。
    • 不要用受感染的那一侧耳朵接听电话。如果两只耳朵都受感染，那就用免提来接电话。
    • 如果头发很长，把它盘起来或绑马尾，不要垂放在耳边。
    • 睡觉的时候，不要压着受感染的耳朵。保持床单和枕头套干净，避免感染扩散。
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    一般来说，穿耳洞后，6周内都不能游泳。如果穿洞处受感染，等到感染和穿洞处痊愈后才可以再次游泳。 [15]
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    医生可能诊断出你并非受感染，而是对镍过敏。在这种情况下，改戴纯银、金、医用钢或其它不含镍的首饰。它们比较不容易引发过敏。 [16]
    • 过敏迹象可能包括穿洞处的皮肤发红、发痒或干燥。
    • 如果你对镍过敏，继续穿戴含镍首饰很容易再次受感染。

警告

  • 如果是耳朵软骨受感染，一定要尽快就医。要是没有及时治疗，受感染的软骨可能会形成瘢痕组织。
  • 未咨询医生之前，不要擅自在家治疗感染。葡萄球菌感染是最常见的皮肤感染，不加以治疗会引发严重后果。

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参考

  1. ↑ https://www.aafp.org/afp/2005/1115/p2029.html
  2. ↑ https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/body-piercing/
  3. ↑ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1781501/
  4. ↑ https://www.nhs.uk/chq/Pages/1770.aspx
  5. ↑ https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/body-piercing/
  6. ↑ https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/body-piercing/
  7. ↑ https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/body-piercing/
  8. ↑ https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/body-piercing/
  9. ↑ https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/body-piercing/
  1. ↑ https://www.betterhealth.vic.gov.au/health/conditionsandtreatments/piercings
  2. ↑ https://www.betterhealth.vic.gov.au/health/conditionsandtreatments/piercings
  3. ↑ https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/body-piercing/
  4. ↑ https://goaskalice.columbia.edu/answered-questions/gauged-earrings-0
  5. ↑ https://www.authorityhealthmag.com/ear-piercing-infection-care-and-cure-tips/
  6. ↑ https://www.mayoclinic.org/healthy-lifestyle/adult-health/in-depth/piercings/art-20047317?pg=2
  7. ↑ https://www.aafp.org/afp/2005/1115/p2029.html

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