如何治疗胃酸反流：自然疗法有用吗?

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共同创作者是 Lisa Bryant, ND

参考

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胃酸反流有时候也被称为胃灼热或胃食管反流病（GERD），是一种十分常见的情况，影响着全球数百万人。当胃酸进入食管，腹部或胸口会有疼痛的灼热感，感觉很不舒服，好在有许多方法可以应对这种情况。医生可能会建议你用药，但是即使接受药物治疗，也必须改变饮食和生活方式，才能更好地控制症状。

方法 1
方法 1 的 4:

健康的饮食习惯

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由于胃酸反流经常是食物造成的，你可能会疑惑到底哪些食物可以放心吃。别担心，一些食物和进食习惯可以预防胃灼热。试着在用餐时做以下的改变，看看是否有助于缓解症状。

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    吃太快很容易不知不觉就吃多了，进而引起胃酸反流。努力在吃每一餐时都放慢进食速度。 [1]
    • 每咬一口食物就放下餐具，迫使自己吃慢一点。把食物吞下后，才再次拿起餐具。
  2. {"smallUrl":"https:\/\/www.wikihow.com\/images_en\/thumb\/e\/ee\/Treat-Acid-Reflux-Naturally-Step-2-Version-5.jpg\/v4-460px-Treat-Acid-Reflux-Naturally-Step-2-Version-5.jpg","bigUrl":"https:\/\/www.wikihow.com\/images\/thumb\/e\/ee\/Treat-Acid-Reflux-Naturally-Step-2-Version-5.jpg\/v4-728px-Treat-Acid-Reflux-Naturally-Step-2-Version-5.jpg","smallWidth":460,"smallHeight":345,"bigWidth":728,"bigHeight":546,"licensing":"<div class=\"mw-parser-output\"><\/div>"}
    一天吃三大餐容易吃得太饱，导致胃酸分泌过多。改成一整天少吃多餐。 [2]
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    高纤维食物会让你感到更饱，防止你吃得过多。尝试在饮食中纳入更多纤维，看看是否对你有帮助。 [3]
    • 高纤维食物包括全谷物、坚果、种子、根用蔬菜和绿叶蔬菜。
    • 你也可以从补充剂中摄入更多纤维，不过医生建议最好先从饮食着手。
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    碱性食物拥有较高的pH值，意味着它们可以抵消胃酸的作用，防止胃灼热。将更多碱性食物纳入饮食中，帮助缓解症状。 [4]
    • 碱性食物包括香蕉、坚果、甜瓜、花椰菜和茴香。
  5. {"smallUrl":"https:\/\/www.wikihow.com\/images_en\/thumb\/5\/5b\/Treat-Acid-Reflux-Naturally-Step-5-Version-4.jpg\/v4-460px-Treat-Acid-Reflux-Naturally-Step-5-Version-4.jpg","bigUrl":"https:\/\/www.wikihow.com\/images\/thumb\/5\/5b\/Treat-Acid-Reflux-Naturally-Step-5-Version-4.jpg\/v4-728px-Treat-Acid-Reflux-Naturally-Step-5-Version-4.jpg","smallWidth":460,"smallHeight":345,"bigWidth":728,"bigHeight":546,"licensing":"<div class=\"mw-parser-output\"><\/div>"}
    水可以稀释胃酸，减轻胃酸反流引起的灼热感。所以，确保每一餐都包含一些含水量高的食物。 [5]
    • 尝试吃芹菜、甜瓜、黄瓜、莴苣、肉汤或清汤。
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方法 2
方法 2 的 4:

需要避开的食物

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有一些食物会引发胃酸反流。不过，每个人发病的诱因都不一样。下面提到的只是常见的诱因，不代表它们全都会导致你胃酸反流。你可以试着少吃或不吃这些食物，看看症状是否会有所改善。如果你发现某种食物会使你胃灼热，那就不要再吃它。

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    脂肪经常会加重胃酸反流。遵循低脂饮食，减少胃酸分泌。 [6]
    • 油炸和加工食品的脂肪含量特别高，非常油腻，尽量少吃。
    • 减少烹饪时使用的油或黄油。
    • 改吃低脂乳制品。
  2. {"smallUrl":"https:\/\/www.wikihow.com\/images_en\/thumb\/d\/d1\/Treat-Acid-Reflux-Naturally-Step-7-Version-3.jpg\/v4-460px-Treat-Acid-Reflux-Naturally-Step-7-Version-3.jpg","bigUrl":"https:\/\/www.wikihow.com\/images\/thumb\/d\/d1\/Treat-Acid-Reflux-Naturally-Step-7-Version-3.jpg\/v4-728px-Treat-Acid-Reflux-Naturally-Step-7-Version-3.jpg","smallWidth":460,"smallHeight":345,"bigWidth":728,"bigHeight":546,"licensing":"<div class=\"mw-parser-output\"><\/div>"}
    这些食物是引发胃酸反流的最大诱因。如果你吃了辛辣或酸性食物后症状恶化了，那就停止吃这些食物，避免刺激胃部。 [7]
    • 常见的辛辣食物包括卡宴辣椒、辣椒粉、咖喱和其它多种椒类。
    • 酸性食物包括柑橘类水果、番茄、某些意式番茄酱和调味品。
    • 如果这些食物并未导致你胃酸反流，你还是可以吃它们的。每个人对食物的耐受性都不一样。
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    用餐时喝气泡饮料，会将胃酸推向食管。改喝没有气泡的饮料。白开水是最好的选择，不妨把它当作主要的饮品。 [8]
  4. {"smallUrl":"https:\/\/www.wikihow.com\/images_en\/thumb\/4\/4b\/Treat-Acid-Reflux-Naturally-Step-9-Version-3.jpg\/v4-460px-Treat-Acid-Reflux-Naturally-Step-9-Version-3.jpg","bigUrl":"https:\/\/www.wikihow.com\/images\/thumb\/4\/4b\/Treat-Acid-Reflux-Naturally-Step-9-Version-3.jpg\/v4-728px-Treat-Acid-Reflux-Naturally-Step-9-Version-3.jpg","smallWidth":460,"smallHeight":345,"bigWidth":728,"bigHeight":546,"licensing":"<div class=\"mw-parser-output\"><\/div>"}
    咖啡是酸性食品，会加重胃酸反流。如果你经常喝大量咖啡，可以稍微减少摄入量，以减少胃酸分泌。 [9]
    • 脱咖啡因咖啡对胃部更温和，但是仍然会引发胃酸反流，因为问题不在咖啡因，而是咖啡的酸性。
  5. {"smallUrl":"https:\/\/www.wikihow.com\/images_en\/thumb\/f\/f8\/Treat-Acid-Reflux-Naturally-Step-10-Version-3.jpg\/v4-460px-Treat-Acid-Reflux-Naturally-Step-10-Version-3.jpg","bigUrl":"https:\/\/www.wikihow.com\/images\/thumb\/f\/f8\/Treat-Acid-Reflux-Naturally-Step-10-Version-3.jpg\/v4-728px-Treat-Acid-Reflux-Naturally-Step-10-Version-3.jpg","smallWidth":460,"smallHeight":345,"bigWidth":728,"bigHeight":546,"licensing":"<div class=\"mw-parser-output\"><\/div>"}
    这两种物质不管摄入量多寡，都会引发胃灼热。如果它们经常加重你的症状，那就彻底戒掉它们。 [10]
  6. {"smallUrl":"https:\/\/www.wikihow.com\/images_en\/thumb\/3\/39\/Treat-Acid-Reflux-Naturally-Step-11-Version-3.jpg\/v4-460px-Treat-Acid-Reflux-Naturally-Step-11-Version-3.jpg","bigUrl":"https:\/\/www.wikihow.com\/images\/thumb\/3\/39\/Treat-Acid-Reflux-Naturally-Step-11-Version-3.jpg\/v4-728px-Treat-Acid-Reflux-Naturally-Step-11-Version-3.jpg","smallWidth":460,"smallHeight":345,"bigWidth":728,"bigHeight":546,"licensing":"<div class=\"mw-parser-output\"><\/div>"}
    酒精也是引发胃灼热和胃酸反流的常见诱因。如果你的症状经常在喝酒后出现，试着戒酒，看看是否有所帮助。 [11]
    • 如果你只喝一点酒精饮料就会感到胃灼热，最好彻底戒掉它。
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方法 3
方法 3 的 4:

改变生活方式

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想要有效治疗胃酸反流，不能仅从饮食下手。你在日常生活中还可以做许多事情，帮助治疗症状或防止发病。所以，你也必须改变生活方式。

  1. {"smallUrl":"https:\/\/www.wikihow.com\/images_en\/thumb\/6\/6d\/Treat-Acid-Reflux-Naturally-Step-12-Version-3.jpg\/v4-460px-Treat-Acid-Reflux-Naturally-Step-12-Version-3.jpg","bigUrl":"https:\/\/www.wikihow.com\/images\/thumb\/6\/6d\/Treat-Acid-Reflux-Naturally-Step-12-Version-3.jpg\/v4-728px-Treat-Acid-Reflux-Naturally-Step-12-Version-3.jpg","smallWidth":460,"smallHeight":345,"bigWidth":728,"bigHeight":546,"licensing":"<div class=\"mw-parser-output\"><\/div>"}
    紧身衣服会压迫胃部，使胃酸逆流而上，引发胃灼热，尤其是勒紧腹部的衣服。选择宽松的裤子、衬衫和腰带，尤其是用餐的时候。 [12]
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    体重过重更容易引起胃酸反流，并且可能加重症状。 [13] 如果你体重过重，向医生咨询适合你的健康体重，然后遵循饮食和运动计划，达到并维持健康体重。
    • 用健康的方式减肥，不要采取极端减肥法。极端的减肥方式很危险，而且一旦停止，体重容易反弹。 [14]
  3. {"smallUrl":"https:\/\/www.wikihow.com\/images_en\/thumb\/d\/d3\/Treat-Acid-Reflux-Naturally-Step-14-Version-3.jpg\/v4-460px-Treat-Acid-Reflux-Naturally-Step-14-Version-3.jpg","bigUrl":"https:\/\/www.wikihow.com\/images\/thumb\/d\/d3\/Treat-Acid-Reflux-Naturally-Step-14-Version-3.jpg\/v4-728px-Treat-Acid-Reflux-Naturally-Step-14-Version-3.jpg","smallWidth":460,"smallHeight":345,"bigWidth":728,"bigHeight":546,"licensing":"<div class=\"mw-parser-output\"><\/div>"}
    躺着会导致胃酸流进食管，引起胃酸反流。饭后不要躺在沙发或床上，保持坐直或站直的姿势至少3小时。 [15]
  4. {"smallUrl":"https:\/\/www.wikihow.com\/images_en\/thumb\/c\/c8\/Treat-Acid-Reflux-Naturally-Step-15-Version-4.jpg\/v4-460px-Treat-Acid-Reflux-Naturally-Step-15-Version-4.jpg","bigUrl":"https:\/\/www.wikihow.com\/images\/thumb\/c\/c8\/Treat-Acid-Reflux-Naturally-Step-15-Version-4.jpg\/v4-728px-Treat-Acid-Reflux-Naturally-Step-15-Version-4.jpg","smallWidth":460,"smallHeight":345,"bigWidth":728,"bigHeight":546,"licensing":"<div class=\"mw-parser-output\"><\/div>"}
    嚼口香糖可以增加吞咽频率，把胃酸推回胃部。研究显示饭后咀嚼无糖口香糖30分钟，对预防胃酸反流有一定的帮助。 [17]
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    躺平睡觉容易让胃酸流到食管，经常会引发夜间胃灼热。尽量调高床头或用泡沫垫将头部抬至比双脚高15-20厘米。 [19]
    • 不要用额外的枕头垫高头部。这样头部无法得到均匀的支撑，可能引起背部或脖子疼痛。
  6. {"smallUrl":"https:\/\/www.wikihow.com\/images_en\/thumb\/4\/48\/Treat-Acid-Reflux-Naturally-Step-17-Version-3.jpg\/v4-460px-Treat-Acid-Reflux-Naturally-Step-17-Version-3.jpg","bigUrl":"https:\/\/www.wikihow.com\/images\/thumb\/4\/48\/Treat-Acid-Reflux-Naturally-Step-17-Version-3.jpg\/v4-728px-Treat-Acid-Reflux-Naturally-Step-17-Version-3.jpg","smallWidth":460,"smallHeight":345,"bigWidth":728,"bigHeight":546,"licensing":"<div class=\"mw-parser-output\"><\/div>"}
    减少压力 ，避免引发胃酸反流的症状。 慢性压力和胃酸反流之间存在明确的联系。如果你经常感到压力大，设法减少日常生活中的压力，能大大改善胃酸反流。 [20]
    • 每天抽出时间做一些放松运动，比如冥想、深呼吸或瑜伽。
    • 做自己喜欢的事情也能减压，所以每天也要花时间从事自己的兴趣爱好。
    • 如果你无法减压，可以咨询专业治疗师或精神病科医生。
  7. {"smallUrl":"https:\/\/www.wikihow.com\/images_en\/thumb\/f\/f2\/Treat-Acid-Reflux-Naturally-Step-18-Version-3.jpg\/v4-460px-Treat-Acid-Reflux-Naturally-Step-18-Version-3.jpg","bigUrl":"https:\/\/www.wikihow.com\/images\/thumb\/f\/f2\/Treat-Acid-Reflux-Naturally-Step-18-Version-3.jpg\/v4-728px-Treat-Acid-Reflux-Naturally-Step-18-Version-3.jpg","smallWidth":460,"smallHeight":345,"bigWidth":728,"bigHeight":546,"licensing":"<div class=\"mw-parser-output\"><\/div>"}
    抽烟会使你更容易胃酸反流。最好尽快戒烟，避免引发健康问题。如果你没有抽烟，那就永远不要开始这个坏习惯。 [21]
    • 二手烟也会引起健康问题，所以你也必须禁止家里其他人抽烟。
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方法 4
方法 4 的 4:

使用药草

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网上流传着许多治疗胃酸反流的家庭偏方，但是并非每一个都有效。下面会列出一些证实对治疗和预防胃酸反流有效的方法。不妨试一试，看看对你是否有帮助。

  1. {"smallUrl":"https:\/\/www.wikihow.com\/images_en\/thumb\/1\/16\/Treat-Acid-Reflux-Naturally-Step-19-Version-3.jpg\/v4-460px-Treat-Acid-Reflux-Naturally-Step-19-Version-3.jpg","bigUrl":"https:\/\/www.wikihow.com\/images\/thumb\/1\/16\/Treat-Acid-Reflux-Naturally-Step-19-Version-3.jpg\/v4-728px-Treat-Acid-Reflux-Naturally-Step-19-Version-3.jpg","smallWidth":460,"smallHeight":345,"bigWidth":728,"bigHeight":546,"licensing":"<div class=\"mw-parser-output\"><\/div>"}
    众所周知，姜对治疗胃酸反流很有效。当你察觉胃灼热快要发作时，将少许鲜姜磨碎，拌入一杯茶或水中喝下。 [22]
  2. {"smallUrl":"https:\/\/www.wikihow.com\/images_en\/thumb\/2\/20\/Treat-Acid-Reflux-Naturally-Step-20-Version-3.jpg\/v4-460px-Treat-Acid-Reflux-Naturally-Step-20-Version-3.jpg","bigUrl":"https:\/\/www.wikihow.com\/images\/thumb\/2\/20\/Treat-Acid-Reflux-Naturally-Step-20-Version-3.jpg\/v4-728px-Treat-Acid-Reflux-Naturally-Step-20-Version-3.jpg","smallWidth":460,"smallHeight":345,"bigWidth":728,"bigHeight":546,"licensing":"<div class=\"mw-parser-output\"><\/div>"}
    甘草也经常被用来治疗胃酸反流，并且取得了一些成功。 [24] 当你觉得胃灼热快要发作时，可以服用甘草片，或是泡茶喝。 [25]
    • 如果选择服用甘草片，除非获得医生许可，否则不要连续服用超过1周。
    • 甘草的安全摄入量为每天不超过1克。 [26]
  3. {"smallUrl":"https:\/\/www.wikihow.com\/images_en\/thumb\/5\/52\/Treat-Acid-Reflux-Naturally-Step-21-Version-3.jpg\/v4-460px-Treat-Acid-Reflux-Naturally-Step-21-Version-3.jpg","bigUrl":"https:\/\/www.wikihow.com\/images\/thumb\/5\/52\/Treat-Acid-Reflux-Naturally-Step-21-Version-3.jpg\/v4-728px-Treat-Acid-Reflux-Naturally-Step-21-Version-3.jpg","smallWidth":460,"smallHeight":345,"bigWidth":728,"bigHeight":546,"licensing":"<div class=\"mw-parser-output\"><\/div>"}
    甘菊茶可以舒缓胃部。如果你在饭后感到胃灼热就快发作，试着喝一杯甘菊茶来缓解症状。 [27]
    • 甘菊是豚草属植物。如果你对豚草过敏，不要服用甘菊，否则可能会引起轻微过敏反应。
  4. {"smallUrl":"https:\/\/www.wikihow.com\/images_en\/thumb\/a\/ad\/Treat-Acid-Reflux-Naturally-Step-22-Version-3.jpg\/v4-460px-Treat-Acid-Reflux-Naturally-Step-22-Version-3.jpg","bigUrl":"https:\/\/www.wikihow.com\/images\/thumb\/a\/ad\/Treat-Acid-Reflux-Naturally-Step-22-Version-3.jpg\/v4-728px-Treat-Acid-Reflux-Naturally-Step-22-Version-3.jpg","smallWidth":460,"smallHeight":345,"bigWidth":728,"bigHeight":546,"licensing":"<div class=\"mw-parser-output\"><\/div>"}
    这个家庭偏方可以中和些许胃酸。在胃灼热发作时，将少许柠檬汁和蜂蜜拌入一杯水中喝下，看看是否对你有帮助。 [28]
    • 柠檬汁非常酸，一定要先用水稀释。
  5. {"smallUrl":"https:\/\/www.wikihow.com\/images_en\/thumb\/5\/51\/Treat-Acid-Reflux-Naturally-Step-23-Version-3.jpg\/v4-460px-Treat-Acid-Reflux-Naturally-Step-23-Version-3.jpg","bigUrl":"https:\/\/www.wikihow.com\/images\/thumb\/5\/51\/Treat-Acid-Reflux-Naturally-Step-23-Version-3.jpg\/v4-728px-Treat-Acid-Reflux-Naturally-Step-23-Version-3.jpg","smallWidth":460,"smallHeight":345,"bigWidth":728,"bigHeight":546,"licensing":"<div class=\"mw-parser-output\"><\/div>"}
    研究显示每天喝芦荟汁，在预防胃酸反流方面取得了一些成功。尝试每天喝10毫升，看看是否对你有帮助。 [29]
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    牛奶也经常被用于治疗胃酸反流，而且它可以中和胃酸。不过，由于它含有脂肪，所以也有可能会导致问题恶化。 [30] 如果你发现喝了牛奶后症状恶化了，以后就不要用它治疗胃酸反流。 [31]
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    这个家庭偏方也经常被用来治疗胃酸反流，但是没有任何证据证明它有效。不过，如果你想要试一试，应该也无害。饭后将1茶匙（5毫升）苹果醋拌入1杯温水中喝下，看看是否能预防胃灼热。 [32]
    • 不要喝未稀释的醋。它们非常酸，会导致胃部不适。
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医学建议

胃酸反流的确很麻烦，好在有许多方法可以控制病情。只要改变饮食和生活方式，就能缓解症状，或是预防它们发作。你也可以试试一些家庭偏方，看看是否对你有效。如果胃酸反流没有得到改善，那就去看医生，接受进一步治疗。你可能需要用药控制病情。

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参考

  1. ↑ https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/gerd/diagnosis-treatment/drc-20361959
  2. ↑ https://www.health.harvard.edu/digestive-health/9-ways-to-relieve-acid-reflux-without-medication
  3. ↑ https://www.hopkinsmedicine.org/health/wellness-and-prevention/gerd-diet-foods-that-help-with-acid-reflux-heartburn
  4. ↑ https://www.hopkinsmedicine.org/health/wellness-and-prevention/gerd-diet-foods-that-help-with-acid-reflux-heartburn
  5. ↑ https://www.hopkinsmedicine.org/health/wellness-and-prevention/gerd-diet-foods-that-help-with-acid-reflux-heartburn
  6. ↑ https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/17019-gerd-or-acid-reflux-or-heartburn-overview/prevention
  7. ↑ https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/17019-gerd-or-acid-reflux-or-heartburn-overview/prevention
  8. ↑ https://www.health.harvard.edu/digestive-health/9-ways-to-relieve-acid-reflux-without-medication
  9. ↑ https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/7918922/
  1. ↑ https://www.hopkinsmedicine.org/health/wellness-and-prevention/gerd-diet-foods-that-help-with-acid-reflux-heartburn
  2. ↑ https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/heartburn-and-acid-reflux/
  3. ↑ https://www.niddk.nih.gov/health-information/digestive-diseases/acid-reflux-ger-gerd-adults/treatment
  4. ↑ https://www.niddk.nih.gov/health-information/digestive-diseases/acid-reflux-ger-gerd-adults/treatment
  5. ↑ https://www.pennmedicine.org/updates/blogs/health-and-wellness/2018/june/crash-diets-and-weight-loss
  6. ↑ https://www.health.harvard.edu/digestive-health/9-ways-to-relieve-acid-reflux-without-medication
  7. ↑ https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/17019-gerd-or-acid-reflux-or-heartburn-overview/prevention
  8. ↑ https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16246942/
  9. ↑ https://www.health.harvard.edu/staying-healthy/11-stomach-soothing-steps-for-heartburn
  10. ↑ https://www.health.harvard.edu/digestive-health/9-ways-to-relieve-acid-reflux-without-medication
  11. ↑ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3576549/
  12. ↑ https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/heartburn-and-acid-reflux/
  13. ↑ https://www.hopkinsmedicine.org/health/wellness-and-prevention/gerd-diet-foods-that-help-with-acid-reflux-heartburn
  14. ↑ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK92775/
  15. ↑ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4928719/
  16. ↑ https://www.mountsinai.org/health-library/herb/licorice
  17. ↑ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3498851/
  18. ↑ https://www.health.harvard.edu/diseases-and-conditions/herbal-remedies-for-heartburn
  19. ↑ https://www.hopkinsmedicine.org/health/wellness-and-prevention/gerd-diet-foods-that-help-with-acid-reflux-heartburn
  20. ↑ https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26742306/
  21. ↑ https://www.hopkinsmedicine.org/health/wellness-and-prevention/gerd-diet-foods-that-help-with-acid-reflux-heartburn
  22. ↑ https://www.health.harvard.edu/staying-healthy/11-stomach-soothing-steps-for-heartburn
  23. ↑ https://health.clevelandclinic.org/is-apple-cider-vinegar-good-for-acid-reflux/

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