Cara Membuat Basis Data Dari Lembar Kerja Excel

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Artikel wikiHow ini akan menunjukkan kepada Anda cara membuat basis data ( database ) menggunakan data dari lembar lajur Microsoft Excel dengan mengimpornya secara langsung ke Access, program manajemen basis data Microsoft. Anda juga bisa mengekspor data Excel ke format yang bisa dibuka oleh program-program basis data. Microsoft Access merupakan program dari paket program Microsoft Office dan hanya tersedia untuk komputer Windows.

Metode 1
Metode 1 dari 2:

Menggunakan Microsoft Access

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    Program ini ditandai oleh ikon berwarna merah dengan huruf “ A ”. Setelah itu, halaman templat Access akan dibuka.
    • Access didesain untuk digunakan bersama Excel dan disertakan bersama Excel pada paket Microsoft Office Professional, serta tersedia untuk komputer Windows saja.
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    Opsi ini berada di pojok kiri atas jendela program.
    • Jika Anda ingin menggunakan templat yang berbeda untuk basis data Access, pilih templat yang diinginkan.
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    Opsi ini berada di pojok kanan bawah jendela pop-up . Setelah itu, basis data Access akan dibuka.
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    Tab ini berada pada bilah menu di bagian atas jendela Access.
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    Tombol ini berada di ujung kiri bilah peralatan “ External Data ”. Setelah itu, menu drop-down akan ditampilkan.
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    Opsi ini berada pada menu drop-down . Setelah itu, menu pop-out akan ditampilkan.
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    Opsi ini berada pada menu pop-out . Setelah itu, jendela impor akan dibuka.
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    Tombol ini berada di pojok kanan atas jendela.
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    Kunjungi folder penyimpanan lembar lajur Excel, dan klik lembar lajur yang ingin dibuka.
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    Klik tombol radio di samping kiri salah satu opsi berikut:
    • “ Import the source data into a new table in the current database ” – Pilih opsi ini jika Anda membuat basis data baru tanpa tabel atau jika Anda ingin menambahkan tabel baru ke basis data yang sudah ada. Dengan membuat tabel baru, Anda bisa menyunting informasi melalui Access.
    • “ Append a copy of the records to the table ” – Pilih opsi ini jika Anda menggunakan basis data yang sudah ada dan ingin menambahkan data ke salah satu tabel di basis data. Dengan menambahkan tabel yang sudah ada, Anda bisa menyunting informasi melalui Access.
    • “ Link to the data source by creating a linked table ” – Pilih opsi ini untuk membuat pranala dalam basis data yang akan membuka basis data di Excel. Dengan opsi ini, Anda tidak bisa menyunting informasi melalui Access.
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    Tombol ini berada di bagian bawah jendela.
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    Di bagian atas jendela, klik nama lembar kerja yang ingin diimpor dari dokumen Excel terpilih.
    • Secara bawaan, Excel membuat lembar kerja dengan tiga lembar lajur berlabel " Sheet 1 ", " Sheet 2 ", dan " Sheet 3 ". Anda hanya bisa mengirimkan satu lembar lajur untuk satu proses. Jika Anda menyimpan informasi di ketiga lembar, Anda perlu menyelesaikan proses transfer lembar pertama, kemudian kembali ke tab " External Data " dan mengulangi semua langkah untuk lembar-lembar lainnya.
    • Anda bisa menghapus, menambahkan, dan menyunting nama-nama lembar pada Excel, dan perubahan apa pun yang dibuat akan ditampilkan di basis data Access.
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    Tombol ini berada di pojok kanan bawah jendela.
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    Klik kotak " First Row Contains Column Headings " jika lembar Excel memiliki judul kolom sendiri di baris teratas (mis. baris “ A ”).
    • Hilangkan tanda pada kotak tersebut jika Anda ingin Access membuat judul kolom.
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    Jika Anda ingin mengimpor semua sel dari lembar lajur tanpa perubahan, lewati langkah ini:
    • Untuk menyunting sel, klik judul kolom yang ingin diubah, kemudian sunting nama sel, jenis data, dan/atau apakah sel terindeks atau tidak.
    • Jika Anda tidak ingin mengimpor sel, tandai kotak " Do Not Import Field (Skip) ".
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    Untuk hasil terbaik, biarkan pengaturan bawaan apa adanya (agar Access menetapkan kunci sendiri).
    • Anda bisa menetapkan sendiri kunci dengan menandai kotak " Choose my own primary key " dan memasukkan kunci pada kolom di samping opsi tersebut. Meskipun tidak disarankan, Anda juga bisa memilih " No primary key ".
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    Tikkan nama lembar lajur pada kolom " Import to Table ".
    • Lewati langkah ini jika Anda ingin menampilkan basis data dengan nama bawaannya.
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    Opsi ini berada di pojok kanan bawah jendela.
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    Tombol ini berada di pojok kanan bawah jendela. Setelah itu, jendela impor akan ditutup dan basis data akan dibuat.
    • Anda bisa menandai kotak " Save import steps " terlebih dahulu untuk memastikan program mengingat pengaturan yang ditetapkan untuk basis data ini.
    Iklan
Metode 2
Metode 2 dari 2:

Menggunakan Program Basis Data Pihak Ketiga

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    Klik dua kali dokumen Excel yang ingin diubah menjadi basis data.
    • Jika Anda belum membuat dokumen, buka Excel, klik “ Blank workbook ”, dan buat dokumen sebelum melanjutkan ke tahap berikutnya.
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    Opsi ini berada pada bilah menu di bagian atas jendela Excel (Windows) atau bagian atas layar (Mac).
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    Opsi ini berada pada menu “ File ”.
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    Opsi ini berada di bagian tengah halaman.
    • Lewati langkah ini untuk pengguna Mac.
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    Klik kotak drop-down " Save as type " (Windows) atau " File Format " (Mac), kemudian pilih salah satu opsi berikut:
    • Jika Anda menggunakan aplikasi basis data berbasis komputer, klik format “ .CSV ” (nilai yang dipisahkan oleh koma).
    • Jika Anda menggunakan aplikasi basis data berbasis web, klik format “ .XML ”.
      • Jika dokumen Excel tidak memiliki data XML, Anda tidak bisa memilih format XML.
  6. {"smallUrl":"https:\/\/www.wikihow.com\/images_en\/thumb\/a\/a0\/Create-a-Database-from-an-Excel-Spreadsheet-Step-29-Version-2.jpg\/v4-460px-Create-a-Database-from-an-Excel-Spreadsheet-Step-29-Version-2.jpg","bigUrl":"https:\/\/www.wikihow.com\/images\/thumb\/a\/a0\/Create-a-Database-from-an-Excel-Spreadsheet-Step-29-Version-2.jpg\/v4-728px-Create-a-Database-from-an-Excel-Spreadsheet-Step-29-Version-2.jpg","smallWidth":460,"smallHeight":345,"bigWidth":728,"bigHeight":546,"licensing":"<div class=\"mw-parser-output\"><\/div>"}
    Tombol ini berada di bagian bawah jendela. Setelah itu, dokumen akan disimpan dengan preferensi yang Anda tetapkan.
  7. {"smallUrl":"https:\/\/www.wikihow.com\/images_en\/thumb\/4\/4c\/Create-a-Database-from-an-Excel-Spreadsheet-Step-30.jpg\/v4-460px-Create-a-Database-from-an-Excel-Spreadsheet-Step-30.jpg","bigUrl":"https:\/\/www.wikihow.com\/images\/thumb\/4\/4c\/Create-a-Database-from-an-Excel-Spreadsheet-Step-30.jpg\/v4-728px-Create-a-Database-from-an-Excel-Spreadsheet-Step-30.jpg","smallWidth":460,"smallHeight":345,"bigWidth":728,"bigHeight":546,"licensing":"<div class=\"mw-parser-output\"><\/div>"}
    Prosesnya akan berbeda, tergantung kepada program yang digunakan. Akan tetapi, biasanya Anda perlu membuka program, mengeklik “ New ” (atau “ File ” > “ New ”), dan mengikuti perintah yang ditampilkan di layar.
  8. {"smallUrl":"https:\/\/www.wikihow.com\/images_en\/thumb\/3\/36\/Create-a-Database-from-an-Excel-Spreadsheet-Step-31.jpg\/v4-460px-Create-a-Database-from-an-Excel-Spreadsheet-Step-31.jpg","bigUrl":"https:\/\/www.wikihow.com\/images\/thumb\/3\/36\/Create-a-Database-from-an-Excel-Spreadsheet-Step-31.jpg\/v4-728px-Create-a-Database-from-an-Excel-Spreadsheet-Step-31.jpg","smallWidth":460,"smallHeight":345,"bigWidth":728,"bigHeight":546,"licensing":"<div class=\"mw-parser-output\"><\/div>"}
    Tombol ini biasanya ditampilkan setelah mengeklik menu “ File ”, tetapi program basis data yang digunakan mungkin memiliki perbedaan tersendiri.
  9. {"smallUrl":"https:\/\/www.wikihow.com\/images_en\/thumb\/d\/db\/Create-a-Database-from-an-Excel-Spreadsheet-Step-32.jpg\/v4-460px-Create-a-Database-from-an-Excel-Spreadsheet-Step-32.jpg","bigUrl":"https:\/\/www.wikihow.com\/images\/thumb\/d\/db\/Create-a-Database-from-an-Excel-Spreadsheet-Step-32.jpg\/v4-728px-Create-a-Database-from-an-Excel-Spreadsheet-Step-32.jpg","smallWidth":460,"smallHeight":345,"bigWidth":728,"bigHeight":546,"licensing":"<div class=\"mw-parser-output\"><\/div>"}
    Cari dan klik dua kali berkas yang Anda ekspor dari Excel.
  10. {"smallUrl":"https:\/\/www.wikihow.com\/images_en\/thumb\/0\/0f\/Create-a-Database-from-an-Excel-Spreadsheet-Step-33.jpg\/v4-460px-Create-a-Database-from-an-Excel-Spreadsheet-Step-33.jpg","bigUrl":"https:\/\/www.wikihow.com\/images\/thumb\/0\/0f\/Create-a-Database-from-an-Excel-Spreadsheet-Step-33.jpg\/v4-728px-Create-a-Database-from-an-Excel-Spreadsheet-Step-33.jpg","smallWidth":460,"smallHeight":345,"bigWidth":728,"bigHeight":546,"licensing":"<div class=\"mw-parser-output\"><\/div>"}
  11. {"smallUrl":"https:\/\/www.wikihow.com\/images_en\/thumb\/8\/80\/Create-a-Database-from-an-Excel-Spreadsheet-Step-34.jpg\/v4-460px-Create-a-Database-from-an-Excel-Spreadsheet-Step-34.jpg","bigUrl":"https:\/\/www.wikihow.com\/images\/thumb\/8\/80\/Create-a-Database-from-an-Excel-Spreadsheet-Step-34.jpg\/v4-728px-Create-a-Database-from-an-Excel-Spreadsheet-Step-34.jpg","smallWidth":460,"smallHeight":345,"bigWidth":728,"bigHeight":546,"licensing":"<div class=\"mw-parser-output\"><\/div>"}
    Biasanya, Anda bisa membuka menu " Save " dengan menekan kombinasi tombol Ctrl + S (Windows) atau ⌘ Command + S (Mac).
    Iklan

Tips

  • Beberapa situs web basis data daring gratis dapat digunakan untuk membuat basis data. Akan tetapi, Anda biasanya perlu mendaftarkan akun untuk menggunakan layanan tersebut.
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Peringatan

  • Data Excel tidak selalu dikirimkan ke basis data dengan tampilan serapi yang Anda inginkan.
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