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Learn to replace a drill chuck with this easy guide
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If your drill chuck wears down over time, gathers rust or dust, or is damaged, you don't need to buy a new drill. Instead, simply swap the chuck out for a new one! In this article, we’ll show you how to do it. Follow the keyless chuck instructions if you can adjust your chuck by hand. Follow the tapered chuck instructions if adjustments require a key.
Things You Should Know
- Remove the screw inside of the drill chuck to unlock it. It’s a reverse screw, so unlock it by twisting clockwise.
- For modern drills that don’t have keys, insert an Allen wrench in the opening and strike it with a hammer or mallet to remove the chuck.
- Keyed drills with no opening on the spindle require chuck wedges. Insert a wedge, tap it with a hammer or mallet, and keep adding force until the chuck pops off.
Steps
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Remove the screw in the center of the chuck. Turn the drill off or unplug it. Loosen the jaws of the chuck by twisting them to the left as far as they’ll open. Look inside the chuck where the drill bit would go and look for a screw. Insert a screwdriver of appropriate size and turn clockwise to remove the reverse-threaded screw (it’s righty-loosey in this case). [1] X Research source- Skip this step if your model does not have a screw.
- The screw is usually coated with thread-locking fluid, so this may require some force.
- If the screw won’t loosen up, insert the screwdriver and tap the back with a hammer or mallet to force the head into the grooves.
- This process applies to the vast majority of modern drills, including Milwaukee, Hitachi, Makita, Black and Decker, and Ryobi models.
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Insert an Allen wrench into the opening of the chuck. Choose the largest Allen wrench you can insert into the opening of the drill. Turn the Allen wrench to tighten the chuck, until it is firmly in place. [2] X Research source- If you have a table clamp, C-clamp, or vice grip, use it to hold the drill in place. It’s not mandatory, but it’ll make this process a little easier.
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Set the gearbox on the drill to the lowest setting. This will reduce resistance from the gears to a minimum. The gearbox is the little 1-2 or 1-2-3 on top of the drill, so set it to “1.” [3] X Research source- The 1-10 or -120 on the area just before the chuck are the torque range. They can be set to any number for this—they aren’t providing any resistance.
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Tap the back of the Allen wrench with a mallet or hammer. Position the drill so the Allen wrench lies horizontal and overhangs your workbench. Give the end of the Allen wrench a sharp downward strike with a wooden or rubber mallet. Most drill chucks have a standard thread, so striking the Allen wrench in a counterclockwise direction should loosen the chuck from the drill. [4] X Research source- This can bend or crack the drill casing if the strike is too forceful or at an angle. Start with light force and increase it as needed. You’ll probably need to do this more than once.
- Don’t freak out if you end up having to hit the Allen wrench harder than you’d expect. It can take a lot of force to unlock some chucks.
- Look, as much as we’d love to promise otherwise, you may end up cracking, breaking, or bending your Allen wrench. We apologize in advance if it happens but it’s unavoidable.
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Remove the chuck by hand once it snaps unlocked. Keep hitting the Allen wrench until the chuck “cracks” open (it’s not broken—it just sticks). Once the chuck is loosened from the drill casing, unscrew it by hand. [5] X Research source -
Replace the thread-locking fluid on the screw and install a new chuck. Once you are ready to install a new chuck, dab a bit of thread-locking fluid onto the end of the screw. Roll it on your finger to spread the fluid evenly.- If your keyless chuck has no screw, you may need to use thread-locking fluid on the threads of the chuck where it screws onto the drill.
- Mount the new chuck by threading the base on to the spindle, opening the chuck, and replacing the screw in the middle with a screwdriver.
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Insert a hex socket into the center of the chuck. If you don’t have an Allen wrench or the chuck won’t come loose no matter how hard you hit it, an impact wrench will provide the force you need to unlock the chuck. Insert a hex socket into the center of your chuck and tighten the chuck to hold it in place.- If there is a screw in the center of your chuck, unscrew it first with a clockwise turn.
- This method may have a higher risk of damaging your chuck or drill. Still, you can’t use a drill with a busted chuck stuck on it, so it’s worth a shot.
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Set the drill direction to the locked position. Set the drill's gearbox to the locked position, neither forward nor reverse. This will provide the gripping power you need to give the impact wrench leverage. -
Drive the impact wrench in reverse to unlock the chuck. Place the impact wrench into the hex socket and set it to reverse. Engage the impact wrench in short bursts until the chuck loosens off the drill. Increase the speed/power of the wrench as needed until the chuck comes loose. -
Unscrew the chuck by hand and replace it. Once the chuck is unlocked, unscrew it the rest of the way by hand. Put your new chuck on, apply thread-locking fluid , and replace the screw in the middle of the drill and tighten it as needed.
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Measure the diameter of the spindle. Keyed drill chucks do not typically thread onto the drill. Instead, the chuck's tapered end inserts onto a matching spindle. Look at the gap between the chuck base and the drill, and you should see this spindle. Measure its diameter. [6] X Research source- If your chuck does have an opening for the key, you can just use the key to unlock the chuck the same way you’d unlock a drill bit.
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Buy a chuck removal wedge set. These sets contain two cheap, dual-pin wedges. Choose a set with a gap between the two arms slightly larger than the spindle diameter, but as close to it in size as possible. [7] X Research source -
Insert the wedges between the chuck and the drill. Position the two arms of the wedge around the spindle in this gap. On the other side of the spindle, insert the second wedge. It’s okay if they aren’t perfectly symmetrical with one another since one of them is going to technically be “on top.”- You can also just do this with a single wedge. You may need to hold the chuck in place while you work, though.
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Hammer the wedge in until the chuck pops off. Tap the back of the wedge with a hammer or mallet. Start slowly and keep increasing the amount of force you’re using in small amounts until the chuck begins to move. Then, continue tapping until the chuck falls off. -
Insert a new tapered chuck and tighten it. Clean and degrease the tapered portions of the spindle and chuck. Place the chuck on the spindle and retract its jaws completely. Place a thin piece of wood over the chuck nose to protect it, then tap the chuck nose with a mallet until it fits securely onto the spindle.
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Community Q&A
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QuestionHow do I remove and replace a new chuck in a chuckie with no key?Community AnswerThere is no good way to tighten the chuck without a key. You need to go to a hardware store and buy a key.
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QuestionWhat if the chuck is stripped or off-track and turns freely?Community AnswerTake apart the drill, take out the spindle and chuck, then use a slide hammer to pull off the chuck. Please note that this solution will damage the chuck or spindle and will only work for tapered spindles.
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QuestionWhat do I do if my key-less Craftsman drill has no screw to remove the chuck and the teeth are jammed open?Community AnswerIf it's jammed open, soak it in oil overnight and put it in a vise. Using a small blowtorch, blast it for a few seconds at a time (being careful of the plastic). Next, jam an Alan key in with wedges till tight, then hit it with a hammer. It should release itself.
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Things You'll Need
Keyless Chuck
- Screwdriver
- Hex key
- Mallet or hammer
- Screw-locking thread
- Impact wrench (optional)
Tapered Chuck
- Chuck removal wedges
- Mallet
References
- ↑ https://www.ifixit.com/Guide/Power+Drill+Chuck+Replacement/75418
- ↑ https://www.ifixit.com/Guide/Power+Drill+Chuck+Replacement/75418
- ↑ https://youtu.be/bp_mXt3Zo5w?t=88
- ↑ https://www.ifixit.com/Guide/Power+Drill+Chuck+Replacement/75418
- ↑ https://www.ifixit.com/Guide/Power+Drill+Chuck+Replacement/75418
- ↑ https://sherline.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/12/1156inst.pdf
- ↑ https://sherline.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/12/1156inst.pdf
About This Article
Article Summary
X
To change a keyless drill chuck, all you’ll need is an Allen wrench and a mallet. The first thing you’ll need to do is remove the screw in the center of the chuck. Once you’ve removed the screw, insert an Allen wrench into the chuck and turn it to tighten the chuck. When the wrench is firmly in place, set the drill’s gearbox to the lowest setting to reduce resistance from the gears. Then, tap the Allen wrench with a mallet to loosen the chuck from the drill. Once it’s loose, you can unscrew the chuck by hand. Screw your new chuck in its place, tighten it with your Allen wrench, then replace the screw in the center. For more tips, including how to change a tapered drill chuck, read on!
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