Download Article
Download Article
Spider bites can be itchy and painful. Some bites are serious, but most can be easily treated. While it's helpful to identify the spider bite, you should always seek immediate medical care, because it's pretty easy to misidentify a bite. Even if a medical professional tells you a bite is non-dangerous, you should monitor it at home for any signs of a negative reaction.
Steps
-
Look for a Sydney funnel web spider’s tarantula-like body. The highly aggressive Sydney funnel web spider resembles a glossy tarantula and is found in dark, moist environments in South-Eastern Australia. [1] X Research source A bite requires immediate professional medical attention since these spiders have a dangerous bite and symptoms will set in quickly. [2] X Trustworthy Source MedlinePlus Collection of medical information sourced from the US National Library of Medicine Go to source
- Initially the intensely painful bite will show little inflammation or blistering, but the person will sweat, have facial twitches, and may feel tingling around the mouth. Anti-venom does exist, and should be administered at a hospital as soon as possible.
-
Notice the Brazilian wandering spider’s large, hairy body. Brazilian wandering spiders are large, aggressive nocturnal spiders found in South America. They are usually are brown and hairy, with a 2 in (5.1 cm) long body and a black marking on the belly. Wandering spiders build no webs, roam at night, and can be found in banana clusters or hiding in dark environments. [3] X Research source
- Their bites produce localized swelling and pain that radiates toward the torso, and may be accompanied by symptoms of nausea, vomiting, hypertension, breathing difficulties and, in males, an erection. Anti-venoms exist to help relieve symptoms, and deaths are rare.
Advertisement -
Look for a fluid-filled blister to indicate a brown recluse bite. Brown recluse spiders can be many different shades of brown, but they have a violin-shaped marking on their back and long, spindly legs. Their bite initially stings, then deepens into intense pain over the next 8 hours. A fluid-filled blister that turns into a steadily enlarging open sore appears, and permanent tissue damage is preceded by a blue and red “target sign” around the wound site. [4] X Trustworthy Source PubMed Central Journal archive from the U.S. National Institutes of Health Go to source
- Other symptoms include a fever, rash, and nausea.
- Brown recluse spider bites can produce scarring, but have caused no deaths in the United States. There is no anti-venom, but treatments of bite lesions exist via surgery and antibiotics.
- If you get a brown recluse bite, see a doctor. They might prescribe antibiotics and antihistamines to prevent infections and control itching and discomfort. You’ll also need a tetanus booster if you haven’t had one recently.
- If the bite is especially deep or infected, you might need surgery or more advanced wound care to help it heal properly.
-
Keep an eye out for the red hourglass marking on a black widow. Black widows are large, glossy black spiders with a red hourglass shape on their belly. [5] X Research source They are found throughout North America. The bite may feel like a pinprick, and the site of the bite will be slightly red and swollen. Within 30 minutes to a few hours, however, intense pain and stiffness will begin. [6] X Trustworthy Source Cleveland Clinic Educational website from one of the world's leading hospitals Go to source
- Severe abdominal pain, nausea, fever or chills may develop. Black widow bites are generally not fatal to healthy adults because a vaccine is usually readily available. However, if left untreated, people can lose limbs.
- Black widows and brown recluses are the only 2 types of dangerously poisonous spiders in the U.S. They both reside in warm climates and prefer dark, dry places like closets and wood piles.
-
Take note of the redback spider’s red abdominal stripe. Closely related to black widows, redbacks are found all over Australia, particularly in urban areas. Only female redback spiders are dangerous. These have a black (sometimes brownish) pea-sized body with a red stripe on the upper abdomen and an hourglass-shaped reddish orange marking on the underside of the abdomen. [7] X Research source
- A redback bite will produce sweating, vomiting, nausea, muscular weakness, and pain, which may be excruciating.
- Since the invention of redback anti-venom, no deaths have occurred as a result of a redback bite.
Advertisement
-
Get immediate medical care. See a medical professional immediately for treatment, even if you think the bite isn’t serious. After all, it’s easy to incorrectly identify a spider bite. Go to the emergency room or call emergency services if you have signs of a severe reaction, such as severe itching, spreading redness around the bite, dizziness, wheezing, difficulty breathing, nausea and vomiting, or swelling of your face, lips, tongue, or throat. [8] X Research source
- If you have signs of a severe reaction or anaphylactic shock, use an epi-pen immediately if you have one. If you don’t have your own epi-pen, emergency personnel will likely give you an epinephrine injection followed by antihistamines.
- It’s a good idea to get a large antihistamine injection as soon as you can, even if you don’t know the type of spider bite. While anti-venom is available in most ambulances, it might be a little while before the proper one can be selected and administered.
-
Apply an ice pack to reduce inflammation. This will help slow the spread of the venom and bring down the pain and swelling. [9] X Research source To prevent tissue damage, don’t leave the ice on your skin for more than 10 minutes at a time. Reapply the ice pack every 1-2 hours.
- If you believe the bite is from a Brazilian wandering spider, apply a warm compress. This will help reduce blood pressure in the area.
-
Slow the venom's spread with elevation and compression. If the bite is on an arm or a leg, elevate the limb. [10] X Trustworthy Source Johns Hopkins Medicine Official resource database of the world-leading Johns Hopkins Hospital Go to source You can also wrap a bandage firmly around your limb above the bite. [11] X Trustworthy Source PubMed Central Journal archive from the U.S. National Institutes of Health Go to source Move as little as possible to slow the spread of the venom.
- Be careful not to cut off circulation when tying the bandage.
- If you believe you are dealing with a redback bite, don’t tie a bandage around the area. Redback venom spreads slowly, so the bandage won’t do much except worsen the pain. [12] X Research source
-
Bring the spider with you to the medical facility, if you can. Even if the spider is squashed, try to save it and bring it with you to the medical facility. Blood tests can reveal the type of spider bite, but having the specimen can speed up the identification and treatment process.
- Rubbing alcohol can be used to preserve a spider.
Advertisement
-
Wash the bite area with cool soapy water. Even if you believe the bite isn’t serious, it’s a good idea to have it examined by a medical professional. If they have determined it is non-dangerous, start by cleaning the wound with soapy water to help prevent infection. [13] X Trustworthy Source Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Main public health institute for the US, run by the Dept. of Health and Human Services Go to source
-
Apply a cool compress, such as an ice pack, for 10 minutes at a time. This will ease the pain of the bite and help the swelling go down for 20 to 30 min. To prevent tissue damage, don’t leave the ice pack on for more than 10 minutes at a time. [14] X Research source
- To keep the swelling down, re-apply the ice every 1-2 hours.
-
Elevate bitten extremities to bring down swelling. If you have a spider bite on your arm or leg, keep the limb elevated as much as possible. This is helpful for reducing inflammation and swelling. [15] X Research source
- For example, if you’ve been bitten on the leg, lie down and prop it on a pillow or the arm of a couch.
-
4Take oral antihistamines to relieve itching and swelling. Spider bites can be very itchy. If you’re experiencing a lot of itching and inflammation, try an over-the-counter antihistamine, like Benadryl or Chlor-Trimeton. [16] X Trustworthy Source Cleveland Clinic Educational website from one of the world's leading hospitals Go to source
- Antihistamines can make you drowsy, so be careful taking them before driving or using heavy machinery.
- Always follow the dosage directions on the package. If you’re not sure how much to take, ask your doctor or pharmacist.
-
Relieve minor symptoms of pain and swelling with NSAIDs or acetaminophen (Tylenol). If the bite is inflamed or painful, over-the-counter painkillers can help. Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs like ibuprofen (Motrin), naproxen (Aleve), or aspirin will relieve both swelling and pain. You can also take acetaminophen (Tylenol) for pain, but it won’t help with swelling. [17] X Trustworthy Source FamilyDoctor.org Family-focused medical advice site run by the American Academy of Family Doctors Go to source
- Children or teenagers recovering from chickenpox or who have flu-like symptoms should not take aspirin.
-
6Apply a topical steroid cream for 1-2 days to reduce itching. Steroid creams can help calm itching and inflammation at the site of the bite. [18] X Trustworthy Source American Academy of Family Physicians Organization devoted to improving the health of patients, families, and communities Go to source Use a cream such as triamcinolone acetamide 0.05% or 1% hydrocortisone cream.
- Always follow the directions on the package or get advice from your doctor or pharmacist about how often to apply the cream.
-
Monitor the bite for the next 24 hours to ensure symptoms don't worsen. Within a few days, the swelling should go down and the bitten area should feel less painful. Call your doctor if symptoms don't improve.
- If your bite is just the size of a quarter, keep an eye on it. However, if it spreads in a stripy pattern around the area, producing redness and swelling, see a doctor right away.
-
See your doctor if you have an allergic reaction. In some cases, a bite from a normally non-dangerous spider can cause an allergic reaction. Call emergency medical services immediately if the person with the spider bite has the following symptoms: [19] X Research source
- Difficulty breathing
- Wheezing
- Nausea
- Muscle spasms
- A stripy pattern spreading from the bite area
- Tightening in the throat that makes it hard to swallow
- Sweating profusely
- Feeling faint
-
9Follow up with your doctor if you see signs of infection. Most of the time, spider bites heal up on their own with self-care. However, if you the bite doesn’t start getting better in a few days, or if you notice it getting worse, call your doctor. They may need to do more intensive wound care or treat you for an infection. Look out for symptoms such as: [20] X Research source
- An open sore or blackened or discolored skin around the bite
- A fever or a general feeling of being unwell
- Worsening pain, swelling, redness, or warmth around the bite
- Pus or other discharge from the bite
- Red streaks radiating away from the bite
Advertisement
Expert Q&A
Search
-
QuestionWhat should l do if I don't know what kind of spider bit me?Jurdy Dugdale is a Registered Nurse in Florida. She received her Nursing License from the Florida Board of Nursing in 1989.It's better to be safe than sorry, so you should see a doctor so they can determine what kind of spider bite you have.
-
QuestionShould I get antibiotics if my arm is still warm and achy after treating a spider bite with the methods listed in the article?Jurdy Dugdale is a Registered Nurse in Florida. She received her Nursing License from the Florida Board of Nursing in 1989.Yes, you should seek professional medical care. The doctor may prescribe an antihistamine, antibiotics, or an anti-allergy oral medication. The doctor may also do a blood test to make sure there is no venom in your systemic bloodstream.
Ask a Question
200 characters left
Include your email address to get a message when this question is answered.
Submit
Advertisement
Tips
- Clean your home often—most spiders prefer dark, undisturbed environments.Thanks
- Move beds away from corners and walls to help prevent spiders from sheltering in bed linens.Thanks
- Properly insulate homes to reduce spiders from entering.Thanks
Submit a Tip
All tip submissions are carefully reviewed before being published
Name
Please provide your name and last initial
Thanks for submitting a tip for review!
Advertisement
References
- ↑ https://australian.museum/learn/animals/spiders/sydney-funnel-web-spider/
- ↑ https://medlineplus.gov/ency/article/002844.htm
- ↑ https://www.livescience.com/41591-brazilian-wandering-spiders.html
- ↑ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK537045/
- ↑ https://cisr.ucr.edu/invasive-species/how-identify-brown-widow-spiders
- ↑ https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/black-widow-spider-bite
- ↑ https://australian.museum/learn/animals/spiders/redback-spider/
- ↑ https://www.healthdirect.gov.au/spider-bites
- ↑ https://www.healthdirect.gov.au/spider-bites
- ↑ https://www.hopkinsmedicine.org/health/conditions-and-diseases/spider-bites
- ↑ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4614586/
- ↑ https://australian.museum/learn/animals/spiders/redback-spider/
- ↑ https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/topics/spiders/symptoms.html
- ↑ https://www.healthdirect.gov.au/spider-bites
- ↑ https://www.stjohn.org.nz/first-aid/first-aid-library/bites-and-stings/
- ↑ https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/16639-spider-bites#management-and-treatment
- ↑ https://familydoctor.org/spider-bites/
- ↑ https://www.aafp.org/pubs/afp/issues/2007/0315/p869.html
- ↑ https://kidshealth.org/Inova/en/parents/spider-bites-sheet.html
- ↑ https://myhealth.alberta.ca/Health/aftercareinformation/pages/conditions.aspx?hwid=abo1649
About This Article
Article Summary
X
If you have a small, itchy spider bite, you can treat it at home by cleaning the wound with cool soapy water to help prevent infection. To ease pain and swelling, apply ice for 20 to 30 minutes and elevate the affected area. Over the next few days, swelling should reduce and the area should feel less painful. If things don’t improve, the bite is larger than a quarter in size, or the affected area spreads into a red, stripy pattern, seek medical assistance immediately. Finally, if you feel short of breath, experience muscle spasms, or are sweating profusely, you may be having an allergic reaction and should see a doctor right away. To learn more from our Registered Nurse co-author, like how to identify different spider bites, keep reading the article!
Did this summary help you?
Thanks to all authors for creating a page that has been read 2,476,168 times.
Reader Success Stories
- "The description of the fact that the bite blister, after opening, continues to grow larger helped. This was not mentioned in any other articles, and in fact is what has happened to me. Photos would be helpful." ..." more
Advertisement
94%
of readers found this article helpful
.
Click a star to add your vote
% of people told us that this article helped them.
"The description of the fact that the bite blister, after opening, continues to grow larger helped. This was not mentioned in any other articles, and in fact is what has happened to me. Photos would be helpful."
..."
more
"My bite swelled, and I let it go for a week until popping it and using warm shower water to clean. Then I used rubbing peroxide, and so far I hope that works."
..."
more
"All these steps are really helpful to determine how to treat different bites, and what to do if I or someone else have been bitten by any spider."
..."
more
"I learned that I need medical attention immediately. It gave me insight to the warning signs of the spider bite. Thank you."
..."
more
"This article gave me a timeline as far as whether or not I should be worried. I'm not. That's good."
