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An easy experiment to thrill students about basic chemistry
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Do you want to show your students or kids a fun experiment that is safe, easy to clean up after, and yields really drastic results? Well, with a little bit of milk and vinegar, you can create a material similar to plastic in minutes. The experiment is completely safe and you can make whatever you would like out of the plastic once it’s made.
Steps
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Gather the necessary materials. For this experiment you will need 1 cup (240 ml) of milk, 4 tablespoons (59 ml) of white vinegar, a stove cookpot or microwaveable container, cotton cloth or mesh strainer, a bowl, paper towels, and adult supervision. If you want to make more plastic or do this experiment more than once, you will need more milk and vinegar. [1] X Research source
- Whole milk or heavy cream will work better than 1% or 2% milk.
- An old T-shirt will work fine as the cotton cloth.
- You will be working with hot liquid so adult supervision is recommended.
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Heat 1 cup (240 ml) of milk. Measure out 1 cup (240 ml) of milk. This experiment can be done using either the microwave or heating the milk on the stove. Use a microwave-safe container if using the microwave. Pour the milk into a cookpot if using the stove. Heat the milk until it is just under boiling. [2] X Research source
- If you have a candy thermometer, make sure the temperature is at least 120 °F (49 °C). [3] X Trustworthy Source Science Buddies Expert-sourced database of science projects, explanations, and educational material Go to source
- Stir the milk continuously if heating on the stove.
- Have an adult help you with this step.
- To microwave milk, put your microwave on 50% power for about 2 minutes. After 2 minutes, microwave in 30 second increments until the milk is hot.
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Add 4 tablespoons (59 ml) of vinegar to the milk and stir. While the milk is still hot, add all of the vinegar to the container and stir for about 1 minute. [4] X Research source As you stir, you should notice that clumps will start to form. If no clumps form, the milk was probably not hot enough for the reaction to occur. Try again with hotter milk.
- The milk curdles due to a change in its pH. The vinegar contains acetic acid, which makes the milk more acidic and causes the protein, called casein, to unfold and reorganize into a long chain. [5] X Research source
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Pour the warm milk through the strainer. If you’re using an old T-shirt, wrap the T-shirt around the mouth of a jar or over a bowl. Rubber band it in place so it doesn’t move around. If you’re using a mesh strainer, simply place the strainer on top of the bowl. Let the milk cool for a bit and then pour it over the strainer and let it drain. [6] X Research source
- As the milk drains through the strainer, you will see the clumps remaining on top of the strainer.
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Scoop the clumps out onto paper towels. If you’re using a cloth, remove the rubber band and wrap up the curds. Squeeze the bag until you get as much of the liquid out as possible. If you’re using a strainer, scoop out the curds onto paper towels using your hands or a spoon.
- Squeeze the curds on the paper towel to get out any extra moisture.
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Gather the necessary materials. If you’d like to make something out of your plastic, it needs to be done in the first hour while the curds are still moldable. You can use cookies cutters, molds, food coloring, glitter, or any other decorative materials you would like. [7] X Trustworthy Source Science Buddies Expert-sourced database of science projects, explanations, and educational material Go to source
- If you want to get really into it, you can use sculpting tools.
- Paint and markers can also be used once the plastic is completely dry.
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Knead the casein dough. Before you begin, you will need to squeeze all of your curds together into a dough-like substance. Once it’s clumped into one blob, knead the dough well. Work it with your hands for a few minutes until it is easy to shape and form. [8] X Trustworthy Source Science Buddies Expert-sourced database of science projects, explanations, and educational material Go to source
- Wait until the curds have cooled completely before handling them.
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Sculpt the dough using cookie cutters or molds. Once the dough has been well kneaded, you can roll it out and cut shapes using cookie cutters. You can also press the dough into a mold to form a shape. Remove it from the mold and set it aside to dry. Alternatively, you can sculpt the dough as you would with clay or play dough into any form you’d like. [9] X Trustworthy Source Science Buddies Expert-sourced database of science projects, explanations, and educational material Go to source
- You can add food coloring if you’d like all your shapes to be the same color and you don’t want to wait for them to dry and paint them later. Put on gloves, add some food coloring to the dough, and work it until the color is even throughout the dough. Gel food coloring works better than liquid.
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Make plastic beads for jewelry. Roll the dough into round beads and poke a hole through the center using a straw. This will make beads that you can string into a necklace or bracelet. Add glitter while the beads are still wet and it will stick as it dries. [10] X Trustworthy Source Science Buddies Expert-sourced database of science projects, explanations, and educational material Go to source
- Set the beads aside to dry. Check on them in a few days to make sure they are completely dry.
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Wait at least 2 days for the “plastic” to dry. The plastic will take a few days to dry out completely. If you don’t want to do anything else with the plastic, simply leave it alone for a few days until it is dry. If you have molded it into something, you’ll need to wait until it is dry to use it. [11] X Research source
- Once it’s dry, you can paint it or decorate it however you would like.
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Paint or color your creations. Using craft paint or permanent markers, color your creations however you’d like. You have to wait until the plastic is completely dry before you add paint or color with markers. [12] X Research source
- Once the paint is dry, you can make jewelry or play with your sculpted creations!
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Expert Q&A
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QuestionCan apple cidar vinegar be used?Meredith Juncker is a PhD candidate in Biochemistry and Molecular Biology at Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center. Her studies are focused on proteins and neurodegenerative diseases.Theoretically, yes, because both types of vinegar are made using the same process and both contain acetic acid, which is necessary to separate out the casein in the milk.
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QuestionI would like to make this to repair a hole in the plastic lid of a kettle. The lid is black. If I use black food colouring, is the colouring likely to run once the plastic is hard?Meredith Juncker is a PhD candidate in Biochemistry and Molecular Biology at Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center. Her studies are focused on proteins and neurodegenerative diseases.Casein plastics can only be molded when the milk/vinegar mixture is still hot, and this is when you should add food coloring to your plastic. Once the casein plastic has dried/hardened, the color should not run as the material readily takes a surface dye. Casein was often used to make buttons, and in this form it is resistant to washing. Hardening of your plastic may be more effective if immersed in a formaldehyde solution (instead of just air drying).
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QuestionWhat milk do you not use?Community AnswerAlmond milk, coconut milk, basically any 'milk' that doesn't come from an animal.
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Warnings
- Items will be hot. Ask a parent to help you with the items if you are a kid.Thanks
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References
- ↑ https://www.sciencefun.org/kidszone/experiments/turn-milk-into-plastic-kitchen-science-experiment/
- ↑ https://sciencebob.com/make-plastic-milk/
- ↑ http://www.sciencebuddies.org/science-fair-projects/project_ideas/Chem_p101.shtml#procedure
- ↑ https://sciencebob.com/make-plastic-milk/
- ↑ https://www.scientificamerican.com/article/bring-science-home-milk-plastic/
- ↑ https://www.sciencefun.org/kidszone/experiments/turn-milk-into-plastic-kitchen-science-experiment/
- ↑ http://www.sciencebuddies.org/science-fair-projects/project_ideas/Chem_p101.shtml#procedure
- ↑ http://www.sciencebuddies.org/science-fair-projects/project_ideas/Chem_p101.shtml#procedure
- ↑ http://www.sciencebuddies.org/science-fair-projects/project_ideas/Chem_p101.shtml#procedure
About This Article
Article Summary
X
To make “plastic” out of milk, first heat 1 cup of milk in the microwave or on the stove until it’s just under boiling. Whole milk or heavy cream makes the best plastic! Add 4 tablespoons of vinegar to the milk and stir it for about a minute. If you don’t see small clumps forming at this point, start over and make the milk hotter before adding the vinegar. When your mixture is clumpy, pour it through a strainer. Use a paper towel to squeeze any extra water from the clumps, which form your plastic! For more tips from our reviewer, including how to mold your plastic into the shapes you'd like, read on!
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